ROCKS AND MINERALS

ROCKS

• The solid mineral material forming part
• of the surface of the earth.
• Some rocks are hard while some are soft.

MINERALS

• Minerals are a solid inorganic substance of
• natural occurrence.

ROCKS VS MINERALS

• Differences -Minerals have no fossils; rocks have some fossils.
• Minerals usually have a shape; rocks have no definite shape.
• Minerals color is usually the same; rocks color is not the same.
• Minerals do not have fossils in it; rocks have fossils in them.
• Both rocks and minerals are solid and both are made of elements.

CRUST, MANTLE, OUTER CORE, INNER CORE

• There are 4 layers of the earth
• The crust is the first layer of the earth. It is split up into two parts the continental crust, and the oceanic crust.
• The mantle is the second layer of the earth. It is split up into two different parts, the lithosphere (which is the top part) and the asthenosphere (which is the bottom part).
• The outer core is a liquid made up of iron and nickel. The temperature of the outer core is around 4400 degrees celsius.
• The Inner crust is the second thinnest layer. The inner core is hotter than the surface of the sun.

EARTH'S 3 CRUSTS

• The crust is about 0.5 % of the earth’s total mass. The crust is made up of silicate
• rocks such as granite and basalt.
• Oceanic crust - The crust under the oceans is about 10 km thick and is generally made up of rock rich in iron and magnesium.
• Continental crust (continental cratons) - Where there are continents the crust is about 30 to 50 km thick. It is
• made up of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Land thickest thinnest ocean

4 THINGS THAT CAN CHANGE ROCKS

• Ice, water, wind and people.
• Ice can go into rocks with cracks and break them.
• Water smoothes rocks.
• Wind can erode rocks.
• People can change rocks with machines.

CAVE

• A stalactite is a mineral in the top of the cave.
• A stalagmite is a mineral in the bottom of the cave.
• I would see a lot of stalagmites and stalactites on the cave.
• I would probably see steel or iron in the cave
• and I would take it.

DIFFERENT ROCKS

• A metamorphic rock is made when their is a lot of pressure.
• A glacial rock is when the tempter is really cold.
• A igneous rock is formed when the melted rock, called magma,
• deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets.

DIFFERENCES/SIMILARITIES OF: METAMORPHIC, GLACIAL, AND IGNEOUS ROCKS

• They are all rocks.
• The are all found on the earth.
• They form in different ways.
• They are made of different things.

THANKS