Definitions
Published on Nov 19, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
RENAISSANCE
A flowering of culture that began in Italy around in 1300 and later spread throughout Europe. An example is Classical Greek and Roman ideas spreading through Europe.
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Westernization
This is the spread of values and ideas originating in Europe and the Western world. An example is Peter the Great's mission to westernize Russia, in which he employed and sent dozens of men to Europe to research and bring back information about the west
Absolutism
This is a system of rule in which a monarch or other ruler enjoys unlimited power. For example, in Western Europe between the 16th and 18th century many monarchs had absolution.
DIVINE RIGHT
The notion that a ruler's power is derived from God and cannot be questioned. An example of this is when absolute monarchs claimed that their right to rule came from God.
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COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
This is the rapid expansion of trade and commerce that transformed Europe, starting in the 16th century. An example of this is European colonial powers, particularly Spain and Portugal, exploited the resources and markets of their overseas colonies.
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CAPITALISM
This is an economic system based on private enterprise. An example is when all resources are privately owned and markets determined how those resources are distributed
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SECULAR
This is relating to the physical world and not the spiritual world. An example would be anything non-religious/non-spiritual.
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CONQUISTADORS
These are Spanish conquerors of the Americas. An example is they are small spanish armies that defeated the Aztec and Inca empires and brought millions of Indians under their control.
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MESTIZOS
These were people of mixed European and Native American ancestry. They were part of the social structure in the Spanish colonies that was based largely on race.
INFLATION
This is rising prices which is usually caused by an increase in the money supply. An example of this could be the rise of Capitalism.
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
This is the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the eastern and Western Hemisphere. An example would be the Americas receiving grains like wheat, rice, and oats.
GREAT DYING
This was the devastation of American Indian populations by diseases brought over from Europe. The spread of deadly disease made the European conquest of the Americas much easier.
HUMANISM
This is a renaissance philosophy emphasizing the worth of the individual and balancing religious faith with secular learning. A good example of this is artists and thinkers of the Renaissance that revived classical art and culture and helped shape new views of the world.
REFORMATION
This was a reform movement of the 16th and 17th centuries that split the Catholic Church and gave birth to the Protestant religion. An example of this would be when Martin Luther, a German monk, believed the church was corrupted and called for a reform.
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
This was a shift into thinking about the study of nature that began in the mid-1500s and moved beyond religious teachings. An example of this would be early scientists made key advances in astronomy, physics, biology, medicine, and many other fields.
ENLIGHTENMENT
This was an 18th-century movement that sought to apply scientific methods to the study of society and its problems. An example of this is that some European monarchs tried to govern according to its principles.
I believe that the Enlightenment changed the world more. The Enlightenment made people think differently and create new ideas and beliefs. It also brought along some driving questions and discoveries. It not only changed the way man thinks, but also what they believe as far as religion or religious beliefs. This is the major thing that changed the world.
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