OPIUM WAR

CHINA TEA TRADE

• Opium is a very addictive drug that is made from poppies.
• The British knew that they would profit more from the Chinese's addiction to opium.

INDIA

• Both ginger and opium were grown in India.
• This gave a lot of jobs and money.
• The British didn't heavily tax until the addiction was severe.
• Because of the British, everyone had to pay tax if they wanted opium.

CHINA'S RESPONSE TO OPIUM IMPORTS

• The Chinese Emperor didn't like that opium was being imported.
• The Emperor also didn't like tax because money was leaving China.
• The Emperor had the opium thrown away.
• Eventually, the Opium imports caused China to grow it on their own.

BRITAIN'S RESPONSE

• The British didn't like the fact that the Chinese threw the opium away.
• This disagreement started the Opium War.
• The British seized ports and that stopped a lot of China's income.
• The Opium War lasted from 1839-1842

MAP OF THE US AND CHINA

SELF STRENGTHENING MOVEMENT

• The self-strengthening movement was a time of "institutional reforms".
• It started during the Qing Dynasty.
• The first movement lasted from 1861 to 1872, emphasized the adoption of Western firearms, machines, scientific knowledge and training of technical and diplomatic personnel through the establishment of a diplomatic office and a college.

THE OPEN DOOR POLICY

• The Open Door Policy became the US' policy in 1899.
• Secretary of State John Hay issued the policy.
• The Open Door Policy was an agreement among the colonial powers for equal access to China.

DOLLAR DIPLOMACY

• Latin Americans used "dollar diplomacy" as a way to express their disapproval of the parts the US played in.
• Dollar Diplomacy was under President Taft.
• It was an attempt to gain economic control in Latin America and East Asia by making loans to them.

PRESIDENT WILSON'S FOURTEEN POINTS

• Point 5: Self-Determination
• Self-Determination- the right of the people of a particular place to choose the form of government they will have

THE LANSING-ISHII AGREEMEMT

THE NINE POWERS TREATY

• The Nine Powers Treaty determined the independence of China by the open door policy.
• The Nine Powers Treaty was not enforced which allowed Japan to invade China in 1931.

CHINA'S NEW OPEN DOOR POLICY

• Deng Xiaoping introduced China's new open door policy in December 1978.
• Before this policy, China mainly traded with the USSR.
• China needed "Western technology and investment".
• China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001.