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Earth's Magnetic Field

Published on Dec 08, 2015

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1.

Earth's Magnetic Field

Regan Nguyen
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
2.

The Earth’s magnetic field is there to shield us from dangerous solar radiation caused by the sun. The field is believed to be generated in the Earth’s core.

Photo by _sarchi
3.

Permanent Magnets

  • Exert a force on other objects without any outside influence.
  • Some occur naturally like lodestone, while others are created.
  • By subjecting certain materials to a magnetic force, these materials then retain their magnetic properties and are considered permanently magnetized.
4.

Electromagnets

  • There are other magnets known as electromagnet, made by surrounding certain materials with a coil of wire.
  • An electric current passes through the wire, allowing the material to exert a magnetic force.
  • Without the current, electromagnets retain little or none of the magnetic properties.
5.

Electricity is the flow of electrons. It is a type of energy that can build up one place (static electricity) or flow from one place to another (current electricity). In order for current electricity to flow, you must first have electric circuit, or a closed path for the electricity to travel.

Photo by Grégory Tonon
6.

Electrical power is the amount of electric current flowing due the applied voltage. In other words it is the amount of electricity of required to start a device or operate a load for one second. It is also measured in watts. Power (watts) = volts x current (amps) or W=VxA
Electric field is defined as force per charge. Electric field strength = force/charge

Photo by simonsterg
7.

Electricity and magnetism are two aspects of the same force. Every time an electric charge moves, a magnetic field is created while every time a magnetic field is varied, an electric field is created. For example moving electric charges generate magnetic fields, as seen with electromagnets. On the other hand, if you move a wire circuit through a magnetic field, it will generate an electric current.

Photo by El Bibliomata
8.

More on Electromagnets

  • Magnets created by using an electric current
  • Its strength therefore depends on the currents and can be turned on or off the same way electricity can.
  • They are generally made by using a coil of wire.
9.

Electric motors are powered by alternating (AC) or direct current (DC), which were developed first. Each work differently, but both use the power of an electromagnetic field.

Photo by wbaiv
10.

Electric Motors

  • A magnetic field will experience a force
  • The two sides of the current-carrying wire, bent at right angles to the magnetic field, will experience forces in opposite directions.
  • These pair of forces will create a torque to rotate the coil.
11.

A generator is a device that moves a magnet near a wire to create a steady flow to electrons.

Photo by The Henry Ford
12.

More on Generators

  • The magnet in a generator pushes a number of electrons along and applies a certain amount of “pressure” to the electrons.
  • This pressure is the voltage, measured in volts, while the number of moving electrons in the electrical circuit is the amperage or current and measured in amps.
13.

A magnetic field is created by moving electrons, so the more electrons in motion, the stronger the field will be. In a given length of wire there is a certain amount of electrons. The more “turns” or “wraps” of wire, the stronger the magnetic field created.

Photo by Steve Wilhelm
14.

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