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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Land Issues

Amber, Helen, Lynn, Raaga, Wajiha

Land Degradation

Photo by CIFOR

Types

  • erosion
  • chemical
  • physical
  • desertification
Photo by zilverbat.

Erosion

  • removal of topsoil by wind or water
  • forest> farmland
  • terrain deformation

Chemical

  • loss of soil nutrients
  • salinization
  • acidified (fertilizers, poor drainage)
  • pollution

Physical

  • compaction
  • waterlogging
  • subsidence
Photo by DVIDSHUB

Desertification

  • human reduce productivity of area
  • destroy agricultural capability
Photo by Bernd Thaller

Causes

  • deforestation
  • overgrazing
  • unsustainable agriculture
  • overuse of vegetation
  • urban/industrial pollution
Photo by Wakx

Impact

  • land lost
  • productivity lost
  • global patterns
Photo by Olof S

Solid Waste Management

Types

  • Sanitary landfill
  • ncinerationi
  • composting
  • pyrolysis
  • large dumping areas

Management

  • Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
  • Energy Recovery from waste
Photo by epSos.de

3 R's

  • Source reduction
  • Reusing containers and bags
  • recycling paper and other materials
  • Making products out of recyclable material
Photo by seier+seier

Energy Generation

  • heat from incinerators
  • electricity
  • methane
Photo by warrenski

World Protected Areas

  • World conservation union (WCU)
  • Examples: 1, 2 & 3
  • The WCU has identified six different categories of protected areas depending on what aspect of protection and management is most important.
Photo by Claudio.Ar

Untitled Slide

  • Category I – strict nature reserve/ Wilderness area: focus is on protecting the ecosystem of preserving the area for scientific research.
  • Category II – National Park. Focus is on both ecosyem protection and recreational activities in an area
  • • Category III – national monument. Conservation of a particular natural or cultural feature like waterfalls, caves, or archaeological sites.

Category II – National Park

ecosyem protection and recreational activities in an area with nationallyinternationally recognized natural significance

Category III – national monument

conservation of a particular natural or cultural feature like waterfalls, caves, or archaeological sites.

Catergory IV – habitat/ species management area

management activites to improve health of habitats like wetlands, natural grassland and coral reefs

Category V – protected landscape/ seascape

to protect natural environments and associated traditional cultural and economic activities

Category IV – managed resourse protected area

management for sustainable use of ecosystem ( for example, forestry or fishery) for local people

Untitled Slide

  • Managed through legal or other effective means
  • • A wealthy country is better able to protect land than a poorer country
  • • Some areas to be protected cross national boundaries, with a large/small population or by indigenous people

Canada's protected areas: Banff, , Gros Morne, Ivvavik National park and Vuntut national park in Yukon

Photo by BugMan50

Statistics and Types

Photo by LLudo

Categories

Canada's Protected Areas

Photo by Ed Yourdon

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Photo by Alex Carvalho

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