PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Types
- erosion
- chemical
- physical
- desertification
Erosion
- removal of topsoil by wind or water
- forest> farmland
- terrain deformation
Chemical
- loss of soil nutrients
- salinization
- acidified (fertilizers, poor drainage)
- pollution
Physical
- compaction
- waterlogging
- subsidence
Desertification
- human reduce productivity of area
- destroy agricultural capability
Causes
- deforestation
- overgrazing
- unsustainable agriculture
- overuse of vegetation
- urban/industrial pollution
Impact
- land lost
- productivity lost
- global patterns
Types
- Sanitary landfill
- ncinerationi
- composting
- pyrolysis
- large dumping areas
Management
- Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
- Energy Recovery from waste
3 R's
- Source reduction
- Reusing containers and bags
- recycling paper and other materials
- Making products out of recyclable material
Energy Generation
- heat from incinerators
- electricity
- methane
World Protected Areas
- World conservation union (WCU)
- Examples: 1, 2 & 3
- The WCU has identified six different categories of protected areas depending on what aspect of protection and management is most important.
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- Category I – strict nature reserve/ Wilderness area: focus is on protecting the ecosystem of preserving the area for scientific research.
- Category II – National Park. Focus is on both ecosyem protection and recreational activities in an area
- • Category III – national monument. Conservation of a particular natural or cultural feature like waterfalls, caves, or archaeological sites.
Category II – National Park
Category III – national monument
Catergory IV – habitat/ species management area
Category V – protected landscape/ seascape
Category IV – managed resourse protected area
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- Managed through legal or other effective means
- • A wealthy country is better able to protect land than a poorer country
- • Some areas to be protected cross national boundaries, with a large/small population or by indigenous people
Canada's protected areas: Banff, , Gros Morne, Ivvavik National park and Vuntut national park in Yukon