Living things

Living things have in common:

• grow and mature
• reproduce
• are made of one or more cells
• respond to the enviroment
• they all need energy

Cell is a menbrane-covered structure that contains all the material necessary for life.

Types of cell

• amoeba are unicellular
• frogs are multicellular
• tulips are multicelular

A enviromental change that affects the activity of an organism is called stimulus

For example:

The maintenance of a stable internal enviroment is called homeostasis.

Example

• In a hot day you will sweat
• In a cold day you will shiver

DNA
Is the genetic material that controls the structure and function of cells.

Classification

• Producers: make photosyntheses (plants)
• Consumers: eat plants and animals (animals)
• Decomposers: break down dead organisms (fungi, bacteria)

Natural organization

• Ecosystem: air, water, frog, stark, dragonfly
• Community: stark, frog, dragonfly
• Population: frogs
• Organism: frog

Lamarck

• use and disuse of functions
• transmission of acquired characteristics
• no extinction

Darwin

• evolution
• extinction
• mutation
• natural selection

Darwin's voyage

• British ship HMS beagle
• plants and animals differed from island to island (galapagos)
• the birds had different beeks (many years later cientists discovered that it was because of the birds diet)

Natural selection

• overproduction
• variation
• competition
• selection

Overproduction

Variation
If the enviroment changes and the species are the same they will all die.

Competition

Selection

What happens to the species if the enviroment changes:
1) the species that will more likely to survive are the one who has genetic variation;
2) enviromnental changes that lead to extinction: new predators, loss of habitat , greater competition