FRENCH REVOLUTION

KEY CAUSES

Bankruptcy
Fear
Society
Economy
Three Estates General

Bankruptcy:Deficit Spending
Great Fear:Famine and attacks on the nobles.
Society:Absolutism and enlightenment
Economy:mercantilism and poor harvests

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

Untitled Slide

• King Louis XVI
• 1789
• Tennis Court Oath

KING LOUIS XIV

• Horrible king, only cared for money.
• Louis XIV called meeting on estates general on may 5th 1789
• Used brutal force against third estate.
• Disliked by the people.
• Was known as the "sun king".

1789

• May 5th Estates Genral was called for a meeting
• June 17th third estate declared itself national assembly
• July 14th, 900 parisians gathered in courtyard to attack third estate.

TENNIS COURT OATH

• Estates general meeting place doors got locked.
• They went to a nearby tennis court to continue the meeting.
• Swore to continue meeting until a constitutional government was made.

END OF OLD REGIME

Untitled Slide

• New constitution
• End of old ways
• Declaration of Rights

On August 4th 1789 the National Assembly abolished legal privileges of Nobles and Clergy, after news of peasant rebellions and possible invasion of foreigners.

August 26th the N.A. adopted the Declaration of rights of man and the citizen.

This declaration raised and important topic: Should equal rights apply to women too?

New constitution of 1791 set up a limited monarchy, still a king but legislative assembly would make laws. There were 745 representatives. During 1791, the old order was destroyed.

THE REIGN OF TERROR

The national convention gave power to a committee of 12 known as the committee of Public safety. Dominated by: Jacobin Maximilian Robespierre. For one year exactly (1793-1794) they took over the government.

Revolutionary Courts were set up. They killed 40,000 people. 16,000 by the guillotine.

Armies were set up to bring rebel cities into control of convention. The CPS exampled the city Lyon, a rebel city. 1800 citizens were executed. People from all classes were killed. 15% of them were clergy & nobles.

THE DIRECTORY

The Directory was a French Revolutionary government that was set up by the constitution. Known mainly for being of corruption.
Lasted from 1795 to 1799

But that all ended when Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew it in a
coup d'etat.

RISE OF NAPOLEON

Napoleon grew up knowing a great deal about politics, and military. He had earned a scholarship into a great military school, and rose the ranks very quickly. By 1796 he had become commander of the French armies.

Napoleon participated in the coup d'état and after defeating the directory set up a consulate. It was a republic but Napoleon had all power. Two years later he crowned himself king.

NAPOLEON'S EMPIRE

WAS COMPOSED OF THREE MAJOR PARTS 1807-1812

• French Empire
• Dependent States
• Allied States

TRIED TO DESTROY THE OLD WAY BY..

• Nobility and clergy losing preivlages
• Spreading religion toleration
• Spreading equality

Tried to defeat Britain by stopping British goods from reaching the European continent sold there. This was called the Continental system.

IT DID NOT WORK THOUGH.

• Countries did not agree
• Latin America gave Britain a new outlet for its goods
• People rebeled against

The main reason for the empires decline was Nationalism. The conquered people became United in their hatred, and saw power in the national feeling.

THE FALL OF NAPOLEON'S EMPIRE

Began in 1812 when Napoleon invaded Russia because it wasn't complying to his demands. He invaded and came back with 40,000 from its original 600,000.

1813 PARIS IS CAPTURED

He did not give up and raised and army full veterans only to be defeated again at Waterloo Belgium. He remained in exile until his death of 1821.

THE RESULTS AND IMPACT

After the defeat of Napoleon Europeon rulers restored the old order. Great Britain, Prussia, Austria, and Russia met at the Congress of Vienna in 1814.

WANTED TO KEEP PEACE BY..

• Restoring the rightful king on the throne
• Keeping from one country having too much power
• Prussia and Austria gaining territory to balance power
• Adopting the principle of intervention

Alliances:
Europe made sure France didn't cause chaos by surrounding them by bigger countries.
(Europe rearranged itself)

Project made by:

Maria and Sam ✌️
Hour 6, World History