Adjective & Adverb Comparison

Comparing Adjectives

• There are two ways in which you can compare adjectives 
• The first way being called the Comparative Degree
• The second way being called the Superlative Degree 

Comparative Degree

• How do you form a comparative degree adjective?
• First you start with the stem of the latin word
• Then you add -ior
• Then you add on your 3rd declension endings
• You have just formed a comparative degree adjective!

Comparative Degree

• Here's an example of a comparative degree adjective: Laeta
• Start with the stem: Laet
• Add -ior: Laetior
• Add your 3rd declension endings: Laetioris
• This is translated as "more happy"

Comparative degree

• There is an exception to these forms though 
• If the stem ends with a "L" you take off the is
• Then add -limus
• The way to translate these types of words is "more _______"

Comparative degree

• Here's example of an exception word
• Start with difficilis
• Take off the -difficil
• Add -limus: difficillimus
• Translated as "more difficult"

Superlative degree

• How do you form a superlative degree adjective?
• First take the stem of the latin word
• Then add -issimus, - a, -um
• *If the stem originally ended with a "R" 
• *Add -errimus, -a, -um after the stem

superlative degree

• Here's an example of a superlative degree adjective
• Start with stem: Tard
• Add -issimus, -a, -um: Tardissimus
• Translated as "very short"

superlative degree

• *If stem had originally ended with "R"
• An example of this would be miser 
• Take the stem: miser
• Add -errimus, -a, -um: misererrimus
• Translated as "very sad"

irregulars

• These are compared in the Positive, Comparative, and Superlative Degrees 
• An example of the comparative is  melior, melius which means "better"
• An example of superlative is optimus, -a, -um which means "the best"
• An example of positive is bonus, -a, -um which means "good"

COmparative degree adverbs

• Here's how to form a comparative degree adverb
• Start with the stem
• Add -ius
• Translated as "rather ___ily"

comparative degree

• An example of how to form a comparative degree adverb
• Start with the stem: Laet
• Add -ius: Laetius
• Translated as "rather happily"

Superlative degree adverb

• Here's how to form a superlative degree adverb
• Start with the stem
• Add -issime
• *certain words will add -errime instead
• Translated as "most ___ly"

Superlative Degree

• An example of how to form a superlative degree adverb
• Start with the stem: celer
• Add -errime: celerrime
• Translated as "most quickly"