ANCIENT EGYPT

LOCATION

MUMMIFICATION

• Pull brain out of nose using a hook
• Make a cut on the left side of the body near the tummy
• Remove all internal organs
• Let the internal organs dry
• Place the lungs, intestines, stomach and liver inside canopic jars
• Place the heart back inside the body
• Rinse inside of body with wine and spices
• Cover the corpse with salt for 70 days
• After 40 days stuff the body with linen or sand to give it a more human shape
• After the 70 days wrap the body from head to toe in bandages
• a sarcophagus

PYRIMIDS

• Built for pharohs for tombs
• There are over 100 pyrimids
• It took them about 20 years to build a prrimid

THE GREAT SPHINX

• The Sphinx sits in a shallow depression to the south of the pyramid of the Pharaoh
• The rock stratum out of which the Sphinx has been made varies from a soft yellowish to a hard grey limestone
• Napoleon's artillerymen have been blamed for using the face of the Sphinx for target practice

KING TUT

• Tutankhamun was only eight or nine when he became ruler of Egypt
• CAT scans on Tutankhamun's body in 2005 revealed that the King was about 5 foot, 8 inches tall
• Tutankhamun may have married one of his half-sisters

IMPORTAT GODS

• Thoth The god of wisdom, writing and magic was most often portrayed as an ibis-headed man
• Seth or Set was the god of desert and storms who later also became associated with chaos and darkness
• Ra or Re was the sun god and one of the most important ancient Egyptian deities

THE ROSETTA STONE

• It was originally displayed outside a temple - a form of communicating important information to the ancient Egyptians.
• The Rosetta Stone is currently 114.4 centimetres (45 in) high at its highest point, 72.3 cm (28.5 in) wide, and 27.9 cm (11 in) thick. It weighs approximately 760 kilograms (1,700 lb)
• It had the same message written in three different languages: Egyptian Hieroglyphics, Demotic and Greek.

QUEEN HATSHEPSUT

• Hatshepsut Ma'at-ka-Ra was the first female pharaoh of Kemet
• She is considered one of Kemet's most successful pharaohs
• During their marriage, Hatshepsut and Thutmose II were not able to produce a male heir but had a daughter named Neferure

THE GREAT PYRIMID

• The pyramid is estimated to have around 2,300,000 stone blocks that weigh from 2 to 30 tons each and there are even some blocks that weigh over 50 tons.
• The four faces of the pyramid are slightly concave, the only pyramid to have been built this way.
• The cornerstone foundations of the pyramid have ball and socket construction capable of dealing with heat expansion and earthquakes

PAPYRUS

• Papyrus was a weed that grew wildly along the banks of the Nile River.
• They even tried to make boats out of papyrus, but that did not work very well. Papyrus absorbs water. Boats made of papyrus would become waterlogged and sink.
• The ancient Egyptians used papyrus to make paper, baskets, sandals, mats, rope, blankets, tables, chairs, mattresses, medicine, perfume, food, and clothes

HIERGRIPHICS

• There are over 700 hieroglyphic symbols
• The Ancient Egyptians used no punctuation
• Most ancient Egyptians could not read or write. The scribes and priests did all the writing.

THE OLD KINGDOM

• The ancient Egyptians used weapons and tools made of copper and bronze. The weapons used during this era included spears, cudgels, maces, daggers, shields and bows and arrows
• Pyramid chambers inscribed with spells to help the Pharaoh during the afterlife
• The ancient Egyptians started building of elaborate burial sites and complexes.

THE MIDDLE KINGDOM

• The early 11th dynasty Pharaohs had lost much of their power to priests and government officials, especially the Nomarchs.
• The Nomarchs were the rulers of Ancient Egyptian provinces. The role of a Nomarch was to serving as a provincial governor. Civil wars arose as the powerful Nomarchs no longer belonged to the royal family.
• The Middle Kingdom is followed by the 2nd Intermediate Period 1782 -1550 BC

THE NEW KINGDOM

• The period in ancient Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom was the time when Egypt reached the height of its power.
• The Pharaohs of the 19th Dynasty were the pharaohs connected with Moses and the Bible including Pharaohs Seti I and Ramses the Great
• It was a religious revolution during which Akhenaten attempted to ban the worship of any of the old gods. He built a new city called Amarna and demanded that people moved there. The temples of the old gods were closed. Akhenaten alienated both the Egyptian people and the priests.

SOCIAL STRUCRE

• Pharaoh
• Sinior officals high priests nobles
• Scribes
• Craftmen
• Farmers and workers
• Slaves and servants