Key issue 3

6 main language families

• Indo-European
• Sino-Tibetan
• Austronesian
• Niger-Congo
• Dravidian and Afro-Asiatic

Sino-tibetan

Sinitic

• Spoken in China and other countries
• Mandarin

Austro-Thai

• Thai
• Used in Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand

Tibetan-Burman

• Burmese
• Burmese
• Used in Burma
• U

Other east and southeast asian languages

Untitled Slide

• Chinese and Japanese differ because Japanese also uses phonetic symbols.
• Chinese and JApanese differ becase 
• Chinese and 
• Korean uses Hankul system- each letter represents a sound

Austro Asiatic

Austro Asiatic

• Vietnamese
• Vietnamese
• Written with R
• Written with Roman alphabet

Afro Asiatic

Untitled Slide

• Includes Arabic, Hebrew, and other languages
• Includes Arabic, Hebrew, and other languages
• Signifigance
• Significance- used to write holy books of major religions

Altaic and uralic

Altaic

• Turkish
• Used by Soviets to create homogeneous regions

Uralic

• Estonia, Finland, Hungary
• migrants brought ralic languages to Europe

African Language Families

Untitled Slide

• 1000 languages in Africa caused by limited interaction
• North- Arabic
• Sub-Saharan: more complex

Niger-Congo

• 95% of sub-saharan Africa
• Swahili: developed through Arab trade

Nilo-Saharan

Khoisan

• clicking sounds- Hottentot

Austro-nesian

• Malay-Indonesian
• Migration from Indonesia to Madagascar

Vocab

Ideogram

• characters that represent ideas or concepts and not necessarily specific pr

The LAnguage Tree

Untitled Slide

• Language families: trunks
• Language Branches: branches that come off trunk
• Language groups: branches that come off branches
• Individual languages: leaves

PR RF

PR RF

• on your notes