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Biology Vocab.

Published on Jan 21, 2016

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

3.2&3.3 Biology Vocabulary

Diploid

cell/organism with paired chromosomes, one from each parent

Haploid

 organism/cell having only one complete set of chromosomes,half the normal diploid number

Homologous Chromosomes

same sequence of genes but not same alleles
Photo by TheJCB

Autosomes

a chromosome that is not an allosome (a sex chromosome)
Photo by phylofigures

Sex Chromosomes

a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism
Photo by gbohne

Trisomy

genetic disorder, a person has 3 copies of a chromosome instead of 2
Photo by gliageek

Monosomy

 form of aneuploidy with the presence of only one chromosome from a pair
Photo by Esthr

Karyogram

 diagram or photograph of the chromosomes of a cell arranged
Photo by antwerpenR

Karyotype

 number&appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell

Plasmid

small DNA molecule within a cell 
Photo by CodonAUG

Autoradiography

image on an x-ray film or nuclear emulsion
Photo by njhdiver

Crossing Over

 exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes

Somatic Cell

any cell of the body except sperm and egg cells

Gamete

mature haploid male/ female germ cell, is able to unite w/ another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction
Photo by t. magnum

Non-disjunction

 failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly
Photo by ex_magician

Meiosis

process where cells divide to produce 4 haploid cells
Photo by TheJCB

Amniocentesis

medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities&fetal infections
Photo by Stephen Kruso

Chorionic Villus Sampling

 used to diagnose certain birth defects and genetic abnormalities in your baby
Photo by Double--M

Bivalent

(of homologous chromosomes) associated in pairs
Photo by IRRI Images