-Worked a variety of jobs: sewing clothing, school teachers, retail clerks, farm laborers, teamsters, bakers, nurses, midwives
-House work: laundry, baking, cleaning, boarding houses,
-In the west had more opportunities and greater freedom than in the East
-Reasons for moving west: kinship ties, adventure, health, economic opportunity
-determination to maintain self-dependence
-Example: Elizabeth Corey, self-dependent and enthusiastic about her homesteading prospects

-Much more peaceful than it is said to be
-Private Agencies provided the necessary basis for an orderly society in which property was protected and conflicts were resolved
-not governments because they did not have legal monopoly on keeping order
-Mining camps hired enforcement specialists-justices of the peace and arbitrators- and developed an extensive body of property and criminal law
-Violence occurred because of the US government's policies toward the Plains Indians
-change from militia to standing army resulted in white settlers and railroad corporations being able to socialize the costs of stealing Indian lands by using violence supplied by the US Army

-Nation's oldest federal law enforcement agency
-George Washington appointed the first 13 US Marshals up on the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789
- Enforced educational integration in the American South
-protected the Freedom Riders who protested against segregated transportation
-Varied primary missions which include the protection of federal judiciary, witness security, prisoner transportation, fugitive apprehension, and asset forfeiture management
-Responsible for the management and disposal of illegally obtained items
-Provide local representation for the federal government within their districts

-Situated on the border of Western Arkansas and Indian Territory
-Built in 1817 to maintain peace with the Osage and Cherokee Indians
-US District Judge for the Western District of Arkansas: Judge Issac Parker
- nicknamed "The Hanging Judge" because of the many men he sent to the gallows
- sentenced 160 men to die, hanged 79 of them
- most locals approved of Judge Parker's decisions

-The leader of Quantrill's Raiders- a small force of no more than a dozen men who harassed Union soldiers and sympathizers along the Kansas-Missouri border
-Union forces declared Quantrill an outlaw and the Confederacy officially made him a captain
-led a force of 450 raiders into Lawrence, Kansas, a strong hold of pro-Union support and home of Senator James H. Lane
-Lane managed to escape, Quantrill and his men killed 183 men
-became known as the Lawrence Massacre