Bulgaria
Published on Nov 24, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Bulgaria
History of Bulgaria
According to archaeologists, present-day Bulgaria first attracted human settlement as early as the Neolithic Age, about 5000 B.C. The first known civilization in the region was that of the Thracians, whose culture reached a peak in the sixth century B.C. Beginning in the fifth century, Slavic tribes arrived in the region. In the seventh century, Bulgar tribes of mixed Turkic and Slavic origin entered the region and established a state in present-day north-eastern Bulgaria. Based on that state, the First Bulgarian Empire under Tsar Simeon (893–927) expanded substantially until it was defeated by the Byzantine Empire in 924.
Photo by archer10 (Dennis)
GEOGRAPHY
Location
Bulgaria is located in southeastern Europe, northwest of Turkey, south of Romania, north of Greece, and east of Serbian and Macedonia. The total area of Bulgaria is 110,910 square kilometers,110,550 square kilometers of which is land surface. Bulgaria also has a coastline of 354 kilometers along the Black Sea.
Photo by A Guy Taking Pictures
Topography & Climate
More than two-thirds of Bulgaria’s territory is plains and hills with an elevation of less than 600 meters. The main characteristic of Bulgaria’s topography is alternating bands of high and low terrain extending east to west across the country. From north to south, those bands are the Danubian Plain, which runs along both sides of the border with Romania; the Balkan Mountains; the Thracian Plain; and the Rhodope Mountains. Bulgaria’s only navigable river is the Danube, which runs 484 kilometers across the northern border. The Iskŭr River, at 400 kilometers the longest river within Bulgaria,
flows northward from the Rila Mountains and through Sofia before joining the Danube. Considering its relatively small size, Bulgaria has substantial climatic variation.
Photo by - peperoni -
ECONOMY
Bulgaria traditionally strong agricultural sector has been hampered since 1990 by slow reform of the centralized communist system. The industries developed by communist
governments were not suited for the world competition they encountered in the 1990s. In 2005 Bulgaria’s GDP totaled US$25.8 billion (US$3,493 per capita), an increase of 5.5 percent compared with 2004. In 2003 Bulgaria’s inflation rate was estimated at between 2.3 and 3 percent. The rate was 6 percent in 2004 and 5 percent in 2005. In the communist era, Bulgaria’s agriculture was heavily centralized, integrated with agriculture-related industries, and state-run. Much of Bulgaria’s communist-era industry was heavy industry, although biochemicals and computers were significant products beginning in1980s.
Photo by archer10 (Dennis)
