He was turned into a super soldier that is the peak of human development. He wears a bulletproof outfit underneath his costume. He's said to have an extreme military sense, he can bench 1100 pounds, and knows several fighting styles. Captain America can basically do anything a normal person can do but with enhanced ability.
As far as weaknesses go, he doesn't really have any that are related to his superpowers. He's vulnerable to all the things normal people are but has a higher tolerance. For example, if he got shot in the arm, it wouldn't hurt as much as it would a normal person and he would heal faster. In one instance, he does actually get shot in the head and dies (He comes back to life eventually).
