Organic Chemistry

Due to its four valence electrons, Carbon has the ability to bond to itself and other elements in many ways.

Straight chain

Branched chain

Ring

Four forms of Pure Carbon
Diamond:crystal structure
Graphite:layers
Fullerene:ball
Nanotube:cylinder

Organic compounds

• Low melting and boiling points
• Usually liquids or gases at room temp
• Strong odors
• Do not conduct electricity
• Do not dissolve in water

Hydrocarbons🔥

Meth = 1
Eth=2
Prop=3
But=4
Pent=5
Hex=6
Hept=7
Oct=8
Non=9
Dec=10

Ane = single bond
Ene = double bond
Yne = triple bond
Cyclo = ring
Iso = branched

Saturated hydrocarbon:single bond, maximum number of hydrogens.
Unsaturated hydrocarbon:double or triple bonds,fewer
hydrogens

Substituted hydrocarbon

Functional groups

• Halogens F, Cl
• Hydroxyl (OH) alcohol
• Carboxyl (COOH) acid
• Ester (OCOC)
• Ether (COC)