Caregiver Interaction

Reciprocity

• actions of one elicit response from other caregivers use infants signals
• caregivers use infants signals to anticipate behaviour
• foundations for attachment
• sensitive responsiveness

Interactional synchrony

Meltzoff & Moore

• 3 expressions (tongue, mouth, lips, hands)
• recorded + observed and judged independently
• 2-3 wks- imiatiated specific gestures
• 3 day old showed some intercational synchrony
• innate

Research investigating intentional behaviour

• Infants don't respond to inanimate objects
• Deyoung- two objects, 1 stimulating tongue movements and 2 a mouth opening and closing
• 5-12wk olds did not respond
• Suggets that infants do not respond to everything they see, only respond to certain social situations

Lack of validity

• sticking tongue out, yawning, smiling, opening mouth occur constantly in young babies

Lack of reliability

• Koepke was unable to recreate the same findings
• Meltzoff and Moore suggest this is beacuse his study lacked control

Cross cultural challanges

• Le Vine
• Kenyan Mothers had little interactions with their infants
• However high proportion of them were still securely attached

Individual differences

• More strongly attached pairs showed greater intercational synchrony
• Depending on attachment type children respond to adults differently
• Not all will demonstarte interactional synchrony
• M&M may have overlooked these differences