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Cartilgous Fishes

Published on Nov 23, 2015

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MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

1.

CHONDRICHTHYES

GUS AND CONOR
Photo by istolethetv
2.

Chondrichthyes
Have cartilage instead of bone as their skeleton. This is the same stuff found in your ears and nose.

Photo by szeke
3.

Two types of Chondrichthyes...

Photo by vgm8383
4.

Elasmobranchii

  • Sharks
  • Rays
Photo by Paul Stainthorp
5.

AND HOLOCEPHALI

  • Chimaeras
6.

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7.

EVOLUTION OF THE SHARK...

FROM DNA TO TEETH, AND EVERYTHING IN-BETWEEN...
Photo by luc.viatour
8.

THESE ARE OLD GUYS!

  • Sharks are believed to have first appeared roughly 455 million years ago!
  • this extremely long period of time has allowed sharks to evolve into 440 different species
  • These species differ greatly, however, some (like the dogfish) have barely evolved at all...
9.

HERE'S A QUICK VIDEO ON THE DIFFERENT SPECIES OF SHARKS...

http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5L_oXfUhkTE
Photo by vl8189
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How sharks swim...
Sharks use their powerful tails to gain momentum and propel forward. Their dorsal fins are for balance, and pectoral fins are for steering.

13.

LET'S STOP THE SHARK KILLING!!!

  • More people die from coconuts each year than sharks
  • There were only 10 deaths from shark attacks worldwide last year
  • WE are entering THEIR TERRITORY! They're just naturally defending what is theirs!
  • Shark finning is immoral, brutish, and absolutely horrible! It must be banned!
14.

ANYWAYY......

LET'S GET ON TO RAYS...:)
Photo by IronHide
15.

Rays evolved from shark ancestors themselves...
They appeared roughly 200 million years ago...

Photo by prilfish
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THIS EVOLUTION CAN LITERALLY BE SEEN BEFORE OUR EYES....

HERE'S A VIDEO FROM 'RIVER MONSTERS'
Photo by lwpkommunikacio
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How rays swim...
Rays swim by 'flapping' their large pectoral fins and gliding through the water like birds. Along with sharks, rays lack swim bladders for buoyancy, so instead they use their oily livers to stay afloat.

20.

FINALLY, HOLOCEPHALI

THE CHIMAERA...(RATFISH)
Photo by cwilso
21.

The chimaera branched off from elasmobranchs roughly 400 million years ago. However, even with this long period of time, they have barely evolved at all!

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SIMILARITIES TO ELASMOBRANCHS INCLUDE...

  • Cartilage skeleton (obviously)
  • Venomous spine (like stingray)
24.

HOWEVER, DIFFERENCES CAN BE FOUND SEXUALLY...

  • Sharks have claspers, or umbrella penises
  • Chimaeras have retractable sexual appendages on their forehead
  • Chimaeras also only have one gill opening and lack the endless rows of teeth

Conor Linehan