CELL CULTURE & TISSUE APPLICATION

CONTENT

• Definition
• Past
• Present
• Future
• Comparison

CELL CULTURE IS

• Grown under controlled conditions, usually outside of their natural environment
• Derived from multi-cellular eukaryotes, often animal cells
• Plants, fungi, insects and microbes (virus, bacteria, protist)

PAST

• 1885: German embryologist Wilhelm Roux maintained neural plates of chicken embryo for severals days
• 1907: American embryologist succeeded in culturing amphibian neuroblasts inside an artificial medium and described how neural fibers grew in vitro
• 1912: French born Alexis Carrel developed an important technology for cell and organ survival in artificial media, receiving a Nobel prize
• Late 1940s: introduction of HEPA filters and antibodies added a new twist to the culture industry

PAST

• Major difficulty faced was not with the medium composition, but the presence of contamination (bacterial, fungal, yeast)
• Laminar flow hoods became standard instruments in laboratories
• Sterile procedures were conceived as fundamental good laboratory practices for cell culture
• Introduction of proteolytic enzymes became an additional landmark for cell culture technology by solving the problem of how to release ells from tissues and culture substrates

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