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Ch. 8 Science

Published on Nov 29, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Ch. 8 Science

Paige Mason

fold mountain

a mountain made up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together

fault-block mountain

a mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated from surrounding rocks by faults

weathering

the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by natural process 

erosion

picking up and removal of rock particles
Photo by Al_HikesAZ

soil

mixture of weathered rock, decayed plant and animal matter, living things, air, and water
Photo by Andrew.AIRNM

humus

material in soil formed by the breakdown of plant and animal material

soil horizon

any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock below

groundwater

water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in spaces between rock particles

mass wasting

the downhill movement of Earth material caused by gravity

deposition

the dropping off of sediment

glacier

a huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly across land
Photo by Philip Oyarzo

till

a jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier

moraine

a deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier

mineral

a naturally occurring solid in Earth's crust with a definite structure and composition 

igneous rock

a rock that forms when hot, liquid lava cools and hardens into a solid

sedimentary rock

a rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezed or cemented together

metamorphic rock

a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction

metamorphic rock

a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction

superposition

the idea that in a series of rock layers, the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest

relative age

the age of a rock as compared to another rock

geologic column

a listing of Earth's rock layers in order from oldest to youngest

fossil

any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust
Photo by kevinzim

index fossil

the remains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for only a short part of Earth's history

half-life

the time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive element in a rock to break apart, or decay, into other elements

absolute age

the age of a rock in years, as determined by measuring the decay rate of its radioactive elements

index fossil

the remains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for only a short part of Earth's history