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Ch. 8 Science
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Published on Nov 29, 2015
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1.
Ch. 8 Science
Paige Mason
Photo by
Grand Canyon NPS
2.
fold mountain
a mountain made up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together
3.
fault-block mountain
a mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated from surrounding rocks by faults
4.
weathering
the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by natural process
5.
erosion
picking up and removal of rock particles
Photo by
Al_HikesAZ
6.
soil
mixture of weathered rock, decayed plant and animal matter, living things, air, and water
Photo by
Andrew.AIRNM
7.
humus
material in soil formed by the breakdown of plant and animal material
8.
soil horizon
any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock below
9.
groundwater
water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in spaces between rock particles
10.
mass wasting
the downhill movement of Earth material caused by gravity
11.
deposition
the dropping off of sediment
12.
glacier
a huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly across land
Photo by
Philip Oyarzo
13.
till
a jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier
14.
moraine
a deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier
15.
mineral
a naturally occurring solid in Earth's crust with a definite structure and composition
16.
igneous rock
a rock that forms when hot, liquid lava cools and hardens into a solid
17.
sedimentary rock
a rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezed or cemented together
18.
metamorphic rock
a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction
19.
metamorphic rock
a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction
20.
superposition
the idea that in a series of rock layers, the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest
21.
relative age
the age of a rock as compared to another rock
22.
geologic column
a listing of Earth's rock layers in order from oldest to youngest
23.
fossil
any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust
Photo by
kevinzim
24.
index fossil
the remains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for only a short part of Earth's history
25.
half-life
the time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive element in a rock to break apart, or decay, into other elements
26.
absolute age
the age of a rock in years, as determined by measuring the decay rate of its radioactive elements
27.
index fossil
the remains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for only a short part of Earth's history
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