CHAPTER 14 SECTION 3

Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe

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• After the Thirty Year's war, there were over 300 German States
• Prussia and Austria emerged as the two greatest European powers
• Frederick William the Great Elector laid the foundation for the Prussian State
• Frederick formed a large efficient army
• 40,000 men, which made Prussian have the 4th largest army in Europe

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• THE CORE: WAS THE TRADITIONAL AUSTRIAN LANDS in the present day Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary
• Beginning of 18th Century: Austrian Hapsburgs had gained a new empire of considerable size.
• Austrian monarchy never became a highly centralized, absolutist state.

Peter the Great

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• A new Russian state emerged in the 15th century
• In the 6th century, Ivan IV became the first ruler to take the title of czar.
• Igan expanded the territories of Russia eastward.
• Ivan was known as Ivan the terrible becuase of all his ruthless deeds
• Peter the Great: Became czar in 1689

MILITARY AND GOVERNMENTAL CHANGES

• Peter's first goal was to reorganize the army
• Employed both Russians and European Officers
• Peter divided Russia into provinces to impose the central government more effectively.
• Few bureaucrats shared his concept of honest service and duty to state.
• Peter's personality created fear to others

CULTURAL CHANGES AND A NEW CAPITAL

• Stared to introduce Western customs, practices, and manners into Russia
• Peter's wanted Russian men to shave their beards and shorten their coats
• Women could remove their face covering veils
• Peter's used domestic reforms was to make Russia into a great state and military power.
• Peter acquired the land he sought after a long war with Sweden.

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