Chemistry Game by Sean McKenna

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Chemistry Game

Published on Nov 25, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

CHUTES AND MATTER

BY SEAN McKENNA

Photo by skycaptaintwo

HOW TO PLAY

2 playing boards
Start blocks
A board spaces (dice)(function)
Jail/Chance
Rising and Falling
Record mass
20 turns (total)(average)(pass start)(chance)
Individual element

GUIDE SHEET

Guide Sheet- The periodic table consists of 18 rows and 7 columns in this game Each column is called a period Each period is represented by the quantum number "n" If your element is in period 6 then n=6 The periodic table is divided into 4 orbital blocks s, p, d, and f In this game the orbital block"f" is not used An element on the table is a square block which has its name, abbreviation, atomic number, and atomic mass The atomic number tells you the amount of protons in that element The atomic mass tells you the average mass of the element Sulfur is in Period 3 Row 16 Because it is in period 3 n=3 for Sulfur Falling a level takes you from one period to the one below it For example if you are on sulfur and fall a period you end up in level 4 element Se You will be asked to answer several questions throughout the game to earn points You will need to know various topics such as electron configuration, scientists, sig figs, changes/ properties, and noble gas shortcuts If you are asked to send another player to period 1 you do not move but you receive 100 points for that turn Sometimes a space will give you an option of what to do only take the second option if the first is impossible to do on the board vise versa Also when you are at the 5th period for example and are asked to fall 4 levels you can even through this game only uses 7 levels just continue from the top and fall 2 levels to the 7th and then continue from the top and end on the 2nd level same thing for rising levels but you would do the opposite and continue from the bottom The atomic mass of an element is determined by the average amount of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atoms of an element
Max é for n is 2n squared

DEFINITIONS-

Definitions- In this game many new terms will be introduced, so if you come across one you don't know look here for clarification Electron: a very small particle of matter that has a negative charge of electricity and that travels around the nucleus of an atom Element: smallest unit of a substance that can't be broken down any further by chemical means Proton: a very small particle of matter that is part of the nucleus of an atom and that has a positive electrical charge Nucleus: the central part of an atom that is made up of protons and neutrons Neutron: a very small particle of matter that has no electrical charge and is part of the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen (There are no neutrons in the nucleus of hydrogen because hydrogen only has 1 proton, neutrons separate the protons in the nucleus so they don't collide, since there is only one proton it doesn't need to be separated from another proton that isn't there) Valence electron: a single electron or one of two or more electrons in the outer shell of an atom that is responsible for the chemical properties of the atom

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

Electron Configuration- The four blocks are s, p, d, and f they are referred to as orbitals An example of an electron configuration is 1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(6) 3s(2) 3p(6) 4s(2) 4d(5) The numbers in parenthesis stand for the number of orbital boxes in a sub unit A sub unit is another name for s, p, d, and f The beginning numbers before the sub unit stand for the period That electron configuration is for the element Manganese An easy way to understand electron configuration is to know that the 2p 2p6 stands for period 2 of block p and the 6 is be how many elements you pass in 2p To write an electron configuration you move from the top left corner left to write and down like you are reading a book

SCIENTISTS

Scientists- Dalton- his atomic model was a solid, indivisible sphere Rutherford- his atomic model was a nucleus in the center filled with protons, and surrounded by electrons he conducted the gold foil experiment to prove Bohr right, but couldn't because he found the nucleus which proved Bohr wrong Bohr- atomic model consisted of orbitals surrounding a nucleus, the orbitals where rings that had electrons on them, this is proven incorrect by Heisenberg Heisenberg- found the electron cloud atomic model consisted of a proton and neutron filled nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud which is correct

SIG FIGS

Significant Figures a.k.a. "Sig figs"- Sig figs are important digits in a number For example if I have the number 0.3508 i have 4 sig figs in that number Several rules tell you which digits are significant or not Leading zeros are insignificant Sandwiched zeros are significant Non-zero digits are always significant Trailing zeros are only significant after the decimal, if there is a decimal Trailing zeros in a whole number )are not significant Here are several examples of the rules in use 1.23 has 3 significant figures because they are all whole numbers 1.023 has 4 significant figures, the zero counts because it is sandwiched 1540 has 3 significant figures because the trailing zero doesn't count because it is not after a decimal 0.003 has 1 significant figure because leading zeros are not important 3.450 has 4 significant figures because the trailing zero is significant because it is after the decimal

CHANGES/PROPERTIES

Changes/ Properties- Properties can either be physical or chemical Example of physical properties are, height, hair color, and weight Examples of chemical properties are temperature, ability to react and flammability Changes in a substance can also be either physical or chemical Changes such as odor, rusting, and burning are chemical Changes such as getting taller, gaining weight, and boiling are physical The difference between chemical and physical changes is that chemical changes end up with a formation of new chemical substances Physical change rearranges the molecules but doesn't change internal structure

NOBLE GAS SHORTCUTS

Noble Gas Shortcuts- Noble gas shortcuts are a quicker way to identify an element than electron configuration but is very similar To write a noble gas shortcut you first have to know what the noble gases are and where they are on the periodic table The noble gas used in your noble gas shortcut is the noble gas that is above the period your element is in so if your element is in period 5 and you are writing a noble gas shortcut for it then you start by writing the noble gas in period 4 Noble gases- Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon, and Ununoctium Next you must write the electron configuration for the period your element is in If your element is Arsenic then it is in period 4 To get to arsenic you have 4s(2) 4d(10) and 4p(3) The noble gas above it is Argon [Ar] So you would first put the noble gas in brackets then write the electron configuration in period 4 [Ar] 4s(2) 4d(10) and 4p(3)

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MISCELLANEOUS

Etc.- In this game you will have to know basics of valence electrons Valence electrons are very simple if you know a simple pattern The groups 1,2,13,14,15,16, and 17 have valence electrons of 1,2,3,4,5,6, and 7 You will also have to know the effects of positive and negative charges If a positive charge is added to an element then it has lost electron(s) but the amount of protons has stayed the same When an element is neutral it has the same amount of protons and neutrons which is represented by the atomic number in the top left But the element got a charge of 3+ then it has lost 3 electrons so it has a different amount of protons than electrons now Say your element is Cobalt Cobalt has an atomic number of 27 That means when it has no charge it has 27 protons and 27 electrons in any given atom of that element if it gets a 3+ charge then it loses 3 electrons and then it has 27 protons and 24 electrons in any given atom If you are asked to balance this out you will have to also subtract 3 protons which will make it a new element because elements are defined by the amount of protons not electrons So you will have to move to the element with 24 protons and 24 electrons which is Chromium Directions of increasing energy Metallic Character toward bottom left corner Atomic Radius toward bottom left corner Ionization Energy toward top right corner Electron Negativity toward top right corner When asked to move 3 units towards greatest Ionization energy for example, you will move right 3 units, up 3 units, Up 2 units and right 1 unit, Right 2 units and up 1 units, Up 1 unit and right 2 units, or right 1 unit and up 2 units

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