CHINA

CULTURE AND ECONOMY

• Ming economy began dropping due to inflation from New World Silver
• Cold climate caused agricultural distress, migration, disease, uprisings
• Their industrial sector was inefficient

BORDERS

• Manchus in the North took Qing lands, then 1644 they took China for-themselves
• The Mongols were attacking the North West
• Japanese pirates plauge the south east coast
• Assisted Korea against Japan drainging resources

LEADERSHIP

• Manchus placed diverse people in leadership positions
• There was more of a reliance on local officials
• The central control over tax collection decreases

TRADE UNDER QING

• Qing tried to control trade by allowing single port (Canton or Guangzhao)
• Manchu encouraged foreign trade and revived overland trade
• There was great demand for Chinese products in Europe
• West failed to open Chinese markets for their own desires

ENVIRONMENT

• New crops from Africa and Americas encouraged revival (population boomed)
• There were environmental stresses like deforestation and flooding
• The flooding led to migration and rebellions