CLUB FOOT

DEFINITION

• It is a birth defect in which one
• Or both feet are twisted at a sharp angle
• To the ankle so that the foot and lower leg
• Resemble the head of a golf club

CAUSES

• Unknown
• Theories include:
• Mother's use of certain drugs: MDMA or ecstasy
• Compression in the foot is from the lack of amniotic fluid

SYMPTOMS

• Obvious at birth
• Foot is turned outward
• Not painful

RISK FACTORS

• Males are 2x more likely than female
• If 1 parent has club foot, the child has 3% chance of getting it
• If both parents have it, the child has a 15%chance of getting it

COMPLICATIONS

• If left untreated,
• Feel no pain until they have to stand up or walk
• Developing arthritis is significant

HOW IS IT DIAGNOSED?

• Physical examination
• X-rays can show where the bones were malformed

TREATMENTS

• Surgery
• Splinting
• Bracing
• Ponseti method

PREVENTIONS

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE

• Damon Wayans- My Wife and Kids
• Charles Woodson- Green Bay Packers
• Kristi Yamaguchi- Olympic figure skater

REFERENCES

• The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
• U.X.L Encyclopedia of Diseases and Disorders
• www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/183991.php