COLD WAR MAKE-UP ASSIGNMENT

the 17th Armistice

• An agreement which ended the Korean War
• Added a demilitarized zone separating North/South Korea

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• Failed invasion of Cuba by the CIA
• Intended to overthrow Fidel Castro
• Ordered by JFK

The Berlin Airlift

• Military operation which brought food and necessities to West Berlin
• After East Berlin had cut off its supply routes
• The US joined with Western European nations to fly supplies in

The Berlin Wall

• Barrier separating West Berlin from East Germany and East Berlin
• Had guard towers and snipers
• Created to prevent a brain drain
• Torn down after Ronald Reagan's speech on June 12th 1987

Boris Yeltsin

• President of Russia; elected in 1990
• Attempted to dissolve the Duma
• Expanded the presidential powers

Brezhnev Doctrine

• Soviet Union foreign policy
• Passed by Brezhnev in 1968
• Allowed Soviet Union to deal with affairs of Communist countries
• In favor of strenghtening Communism

Brinkmanship

• The act of threatening something but not going through with it
• "Big talk" but no affirmative action; backing off at the last minute
• Example: Cuban Missile Crisis

Containment

• American policy used in the Cold War
• Against the Soviet Union
• Used to STOP the spread of Communism
• Represented by appeasement

De-stalinization

• The act of eradicating traces of Stalin from the Russian government
• A political reform after the death of Josef Stalin
• Altered government policies 
• Eliminated memorials and tributes to Stalin

Detente

• The easing of strained or hostile relations
• Relaxation of political policies between nations
• In pursuit of peace and less national hostility

Eisenhower Doctrine

• Speech made by Eisenhower
• Middle Eastern countries can request help if being threatened
• Military assistance from the US

Fidel Castro

• Cuban Communist revolutionary
• Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959-1976
• President from 1976-2008
• Led the Cuban revolutions
• Harsh Communist dictator

George Kennan

• Author of the Long Telegram
• States that the Communists do not react to negotiation but to aggression
• His writings inspired the Truman Doctrine
• Inspired the US policy of "Containment"

Gorbachev

• Reformed Communism
• Famous for Glasnost (openness/friendliness)
• President pf the Soviet Union

Helsinki accords

• Declaration to improve relations between Communist Bloc and West
• Reduced Cold War tensions

Ho Chi Minh

• Vietnamese Nationalist
• Communist revolutionary leader
• Sought to gain independence from France and Japan

INF Treaty

• Agreement between US and Soviet Union
• Signed by Reagan and Gorbachev
• Eliminated nuclear and ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles

The iron curtain

• A figure of speech for the closed-off hostility of the Communist area

JFK

• 35th President of the United States of America
• President during Cuban Missile Crisis; example of Brinkmanship

Krushchev

• Soviet Union Leader
• Denounced Stalin
• Built missile sites on Cuba secretly
• Launched Sputnik I

Lech Walesa

• Leader of Poland
• Started trade union Solidarity
• Leads Communism in Poland

Long Telegram

• Written by George Kennan 
• Described dealing with Communists impossible unless with violence
• Posited concepts of Cold War policy

MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)

• If either of the US or Soviet Union launched their
• nuclear missiles, the other would counter
• fire and both parties would be destroyed

Maastricht Treaty

• Formed by the European Union and created the Euro
• Drafted in December 1991

Marshall plan

• The US supported Western European countries that were
• threatened by the Soviets in order to stop the spread of Stalinism

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• A system during the Red Scare that called for the
• purging of communists without thorough evidence
• Known generally as unsupported accusation

cuban missile crisis

• An example of MAD and the closest instance of nuclear warfare

NATO

• A military alliance with the capitalist western
• nations against the eastern communist nations 
• under the Warsaw pact

Nuclear Proliferation

• The distribution of nuclear information
• weaponry, or technology to unauthorized nations

Perestroika

• "Restructuring"
• Gorbachev's policy

Ping-Pong Diplomacy

• A ping-png tournament devised as as excuse
• to support trade between the US and China without spreading
• the notion that the US was "going soft" on Communist states

Prague Spring

• A period of time in which Dubcek created large-scale
• reform in Czechoslovakia through a decrease in restrictions

Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin

• Commonly known as the "Big Three"
• The forfeit of the allies

SALT I

• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
• Limited the use of the SLBM between the US and the Soviet Union

Satellite Countries

• a state that is heavily influenced by another state
• Refers to the countries under the Warsaw Pact

Solidarity

• A trade union federation led by Lech Walesa in Poland

Sputnik I

• The first satellite 
• sent by the Soviet Union during the Space Race

Strategic defense initiative

• An effort to take defensive action against
• nuclear missiles instead of relying on MAD

treaty of rome

• Established the EEC

trouble in the suez

• Creates tension between the capitalist powers when the
• US refuses to let the Su8ez Canal be controlled by Communists

Truman doctrine

• The idea of supporting countries that were
• influenced by the Soviet Union in order to stop the
• spread of Stalinism

u-25

• A type of spy plane utilized by the CIA

United Nations

• An international organization that was created to maintain 
• order and cooperation between countries

Yalta Conference

• Meeting of the Big Three in Crimea in order
• to settle the European nations after the war