computer basics

COMPUTER:
Device that accepts input, process data, stores them and produces output.

COMPUTER DIVIDES IN TWO:
SOFTWARE (programs) & HARDWARE (physical)

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

• INPUT (allow data enter computer)
• OUTPUT (show information to users)
• STORING DEVICES
• SYSTEM UNITS

INPUT

• KEYBOARD
• MOUSE
• MICROPHONE
• WEBCAM
• DIGITAL CAMERA
• SCANNERS
• BIOMETRIC DEVICES (read a person characteristics and grant acces to a system)
• SENSORS
• DIGITIZING TABLETS

OUTPUT

• MONITOR (LCD, Plasma, LED)
• PRINTERS
• EARPHONES & SPEAKERS
• FAX MACHINE
• MULTIFUNCTION PERIPHERAL DEVICES (MFP), copying, printing, scanning and faxing)

SYSTEM UNIT

• Most important component of a computer
• MICROPROCESSOR (computer brain)
• Stores main memories, ports, slots and expansion cards.

MICROPROCESSORS

• Clock- GHz
• Multi- Core Processor
• FS Bus- MHz
• CPU Caches- Mb
• Word Size- Bit

MEMORY TYPES

• RAM
• ROM

RAM

• RANDOM ACCES MEMORY
• Temporary holds data, instructions.
• Is volatile
• Computer OFF- RAM disappears

ROM

• READ ONLY MEMORY
• Stores instructions needed for computer to work
• Can't be easily altered
• Computer OFF- ROM RETAINS information.

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