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1.
Ch. 8 Science Vocab
by : Clay Brillhart
2.
fold mountain
a mountain formed from rock layers being squeezed together
3.
fault-block mountain
a mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated from other rocks by faults
4.
weathering
the breaking down of other rocks into smaller pieces by natural process
5.
erosion
the picking up and removal of rock particles
6.
soil
a mixture of weathered rock, decayed plant and animals, living things, air, and water
7.
humus
material in soil formed by the breakdown of plant and animal matter
8.
soil horizon
any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock
9.
ground water
water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in spaces between rock particles
10.
mass wasting
the downhill movement of Earth material caused by gravity
11.
deposition
the dropping of of sediment
12.
glacier
a huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly over land
13.
till
a jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier
14.
moraine
a deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier
15.
mineral
a naturally occurring solid in Earth's crust with a definite structure
16.
igneous rock
a rock that forms when when hot, liquid lava cools and hardens into a solid
17.
sedimentary rock
a rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezed or cemented together
18.
rock cycle
rocks continually changing from one kind into another in a never ending process
19.
metamorphic rock
a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or a chemical reaction
20.
superposition
the thought that in a series of rock layers the rock on the bottom is the oldest and the rock on the top is the youngest
21.
relative age
the age of a rock compared with another rock
22.
geologic column
a listing of of Earth's rock layers in order from oldest to youngest
23.
fossil
any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust
24.
index fossil
the remains of a living thing that lived for a short part of Earth's history
25.
half-life
the time it takes for the radioactive element in a rock to break apart into other elements
26.
absolute age
the age of rock in years, determined by measuring the decay rate of it's radioactive elements
27.
era
one of the four long stretches of time in Earth's history
Clay Brillhart
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