ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

CARBOHYDRATE

• A carbohydrate is any large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.

Chemical composition of Carbohydrate

FUNCTION OF CARBOHYDRATE

• Providing energy and regulation of blood glucose
• Sparing the use of proteins for energy
• Breakdown of fatty acids and preventing
• ketosis
• Biological recognition processes
• Flavor and Sweeteners Dietary fiber

There are monosscharides and polysaccharides.

• There are monosscharides and polysaccharides

LIPID

• Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble inorganic solvents.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIPID

FUNCTION OF LIPIDS

• Long term energy storage
• Protection against heat loss
• Protection against water loss
• Protection against physical shock
• Chemical messengers
• Major component of membrane phospholipids

EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS

• Soaps and detergents
• Waxes
• Phospholipids
• Steroids
• Butter and oil

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PROTEINS

• any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PROTEINS

FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS

• Storage
• Transport
• Regulatory
• Movement
• Structural
• Enzymes

EXAMPLE OF PROTEINS
Amino acids; such as hair, muscles, and skin. Meat and nuts are also proteins.
Polypeptides; such as enzymes, hemoglobin, and myoglobin.

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NUCLEIC ACIDS

• A complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

FUNCTION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

• The main functions is store and transfer genetic information.
• Use the genetic information to direct the synthesis of new protein.
• The deoxyribonucleic acid is the storage place for genetic information in the cell.

Some examples of nucleic acids are DNA, RNA and also nucleotides.