Cupcake Cell!
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
THE CELL
PART I
THE NUCLEOLUS AND NUCLEUS.
THE NUCLEOLUS IS...
- A small, typically round granular body composed of protein and RNA.
- Found in the middle of the nucleus.
- usually associated with and involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis.
- A non-membrane bound structure
- A thing that contains proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus.
THE NUCLEUS IS...
- The positively charged central core of an atom or cell.
- A core that consist of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass.
- The core or the central part around which other parts are grouped or gathered.
- controller of cellular activities such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction by regulating gene expression.
- controller of the movement of molecules between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm.
PART II
Smooth ER, Rough ER, Golgi Body
SMOOTH ER IS...
- A part of the endoplasmic reticulum that is in a tubular type of form.
- A organelle that lacks ribosomes.
- A organelle whos functions include calcium concentration, drug detoxification, and attachment of receptors.
- seen connected to the nuclear envelope.
- A organelle that consists of tubules and vesicles that branch forming a network to increase surface area.
GOLGI BODY IS...
- Also known as The Golgi apparatus, the Golgi complex,or simply the Golgi.
- Named for its discoverer, nineteenth century Italian scientist Camillo Golgi.
- like a stack of pancakes, the Golgi body is made of stacked, sacs.
- the only organelle that attaches adreses to each macromolecule it receives.
- Usually confused with rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
ROUGH ER IS...
- an interlinked network of cisternae (membrane disks), vesicles and tubules inside a cell.
- first observed by Ernest Fullam, Keith Porter and Albert Claude, in the year 1945.
- held together by the cell's cytoskeleton. This cytoskeleton is the cell's skeleton.
- Called rough because of ribosomes. Millions of ribosomes cover its surface and make it seem bumpy.
- connected with the outer envelope of the cell nucleus.
PART III
MITCHOCHONDRION, RIBOSOMES, LYSOSOMES, CENTRIOLES
LYSOSOMES ARE...
- Organelles containing a large range of digestive enzymes.
- Used fordigestion and removal of worn-out organelles, food particles, and viruses or bacteria.
- discovered by the Belgian cytologist Christian de Duve in 1949.
- named from the Greek words lysis, which means dissolution, and soma, which means body.
- Controllers of digestion of macromolecules from phagocytosis and endocytosis.
RIBOSOMES ARE...
- cell organelles that consist of RNA and proteins.
- responsible for assembling the proteins of the cell.
- Tiny. Depending on the protein production level of a cell, ribosomes may be in millions.
- typically composed of two subunits: a large and a small subunit.
- Important. They make proteins that are exported from the cell or included in the cell's membranes.
CENTRIOLES ARE...
- cylindrical structures that are composed of groupings of microtubules.
- found in animal cells and help to organize the groups of microtubules during cell division.
- arranged in a 9 + 3 pattern.
- a ring of nine microtubule "triplets" that are arranged at right angles to one another.
- supposed to organize the assembly of microtubules.
MITCHOCHONDRION ARE...
- rod-shaped organelles that are considered the power generators of the cell.
- Always converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- the reason animals breathe oxygen.
- found in nearly all eukaryotes, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
- large enough to be observed with a light microscope and were first discovered in the 1800s.
PART IV
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE, SMALL VACULE, CELL MEMBRANE.
A NUCLEAR MEMBRANE IS...
- made up of two layers, each composed of a lipid bilayer.
- Lined with holes, called nuclear pores, to facilitate/regulate the exchange of materials.
- Also known as a nuclear envelope, or a nucleolemma karyotheca.
- associated with a network of intermediate filaments called nuclear lamina.
- a shield-like membrane for the nucleus.
VACUOLES ARE...
- storage bubbles found in cells.
- found in both animal and plant cells, but are much larger in plant cells.
- fairly simple. There is a membrane that surrounds a mass of fluid.
- closely related to objects called vesicles that are found throughout the cell.
- storers of waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from sickness.
THE CELL MEMBRANE/WALL IS...
- a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosing its contents.
- Protect the inside of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell, while keeping other substances out.
- a base of attachment for the cytoskeleton in some organisms and the cell wall in others.
- the cell's chemical climate and assist in the transfer of molecules across the membrane.
- a lipid bilayer in which their hydrophillic (attracted to water) head areas spontaneously arrange to the face.
PART V
REFLECTION AND BIBLOAGRAPHY
