focused on what students should learn
1. academic standards: expectations you would like your students to satisfy by the end of a certain time period.
2. backward design:
planning method that establishes
academic standards before establishing enduring understandings, and then establishing lesson plan.
3. assessment: multiple different ways of measuring student performance. authentic for the professionals in that field.
4. habits of mind: focus points for thinking skills, (Bloom)
5. relevance: make standards relevant to students in the present state of mind.