Deponent Verbs

A Deponent Verb

• Deponents verbs only have three principal parts in the dictionary entry 
• Ex: Conor, Conari, Conatus sum - "to try"
• Deponent Verbs are given passive endings, 
• BUT they would be translated activley

Finding the conjugation

• First, we have to look at the Second principal Part
• First Conjugation- Conor, conari, conatus sum- "to try"
• The long "a" sound in the 2nd Princ. Part shows its First Conj.
• Second Conjugation- vereror, vereri, veritus sum- “to fear” 
• The long "e" sound in the 2nd Princ. Part shows it's 2nd Conj.

Finding the Conjugation (cont.)

• Third Conjugation- loquor, loqui, locutus sum- “to speak”
• The short "e" sound in the 2nd Princ. Part shows this is a third Conj.
• Third "-io"- regredior, regredi, regressus sum- “to return”
• To see if the deponent verb is Third "-io",
• We would have to look at both the first and second Princ. Part

FINDING THE CONJUGATION (CONT.)

• The short "e" sound in the second princ part
• Also, the "-ior" in the first princ part shows if the verb is 3rd "io"
• Lastly, Fourth Conjugation - experior, experiri, expertus sum- “to test, try”
• The -ior in the first pp and the long -i in the second pp shows us this is a fourth conjugation verb

Conjugating First, second, and fourth

• Find the stem from Second Princ. Part by taking off the -ri
• And add your passive endings (-r -ris -tur -mur -mini -ntur)
• Ex: conor, conari, conatus sum
• Stem-Cona-
• Conor, Conaris, Conatur, Conamur, Conamini, Conatur

Conjugating Third and Thrid "-io"

• The first person singular will be the first ppdd first list item here
• Second person singular, we drop off the -i ending of the second pp, 
• add an "e" and then add the passive endings
• Third person singular-Second Person Plural, we add endings to second pp.
• Third person plural, we drop off the i, add u, and then the ending

Forming Tenses

• Imperfect- Third person plural, we drop off the i, add u, and then the ending
• Future( 1st & second Conj.)-Add -bo, -bi, -bu after the stem and then our passive endings 
• Future (third & fourth)- Add -a, -e after the stem and then our passive endings

Forming tenses (cont.)

• Perfect-Use the third pp and change the forms of sum 
• (sum, es, est, summus, estis, sunt)
• Pluperfect-Use the third pp, but change sum to forms of eram 
• (eram, eras, erat, eramus, eratis, erant)
• Future-Use the third pp, but change sum to forms of ero, eris, erit....

Forming Tenses (cont.)

• When forming, the tenses, future perfect, perfect, pluperfect,
• The form of sum, eram, and ero, need to agree in number.
• Ex: Secutus est- He has followed  Secuti Sunt- they have followed

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