Direct Instruction

What is Direct Instruction?

• DI is a teaching approach
• William H. Rupley states DI as directly imparting new information to students through meaningful teacher-student interactions.
• Rupley, W. H., Blair, T. R., & Nichols, W. D. (2009). Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching

What can you see the teacher doing

• Sccaffolding until it is no longer required.
• Reviewing students background knowledge
• present new material explicity
• Provide weekly and monthly reviews
• Assessing
• Rupley, W. H., Blair, T. R., & Nichols, W. D. (2009). Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching

You can see...

• providing guided practice, feedback, & corrections,
• Experiences for independent practice
• Rupley, W. H., Blair, T. R., & Nichols, W. D. (2009). Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching

DI to me is coaching.

Can Direct Instruction meet the needs of ALL students?

• The approach is most often used when introducing and practicing a new skill and or strategy.
• Study on High School ELL Students who were struggling from Mcquiston
• ELL Students
• Stockard indicates that students exposed to direct instruction in kindergarten have higher achievement scores at the end of third grade when compare to students who were exposed to the approach throughout grades 1 & 2.
• Stockard, J., & Engelmann, K. (2010)
• O'shea, D. J., Mcquiston, K., & Mccollin, M. (2009).

How is the teaching approach implemented

• To implement the approach effectively:
• Flexibility is key
• Be conscious
• Be Reflective

Untitled Slide

• References: Rupley, W. H., Blair, T. R., & Nichols, W. D. (2009). Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 25(2-3), 125-138. doi:10.1080/10573560802683523
• O'shea, D. J., Mcquiston, K., & Mccollin, M. (2009). Improving Fluency Skills of Secondary-Level Students From Diverse Backgrounds. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 54(1), 77-80. doi:10.3200/psfl.54.1.77-80
• Gutiérrez-Braojos, C., Fernández, S. R., & Salmerón-Vílchez, P. (2014). ¿Cómo pueden mejorarse las estrategias de comprensión y el recuerdo textual en estudiantes de primer curso de Educación Primaria? Estudios Sobre Educación,26, 9-31. doi:10.15581/004.26.9-31
• Stockard, J., & Engelmann, K. (2010). The development of early academic success: The impact of Direct Instruction's Reading Mastery. Journal of Behavior Assessment and Intervention in Children, 1(1), 2-24. doi:10.1037/h0100357