earth, sun, and moon system

Earth's rotation- The spinning of a body,such as a planet, on its axis is called rotation. A day is the time it takes to complete one full rotation on its axis on earth it takes 24 hours

Earths orbit around the sun- a revolution is the motion of a body around another body in space. earth revolves the sun in 365 and ¼ days or about a year.

earths tilted axis and solar energy- earth is tilted on an axis at 23.5 degrees. when the north pole is tilted toward the sun its hotter then when its tilted away from the sun its cooler, this is how the sun rays affect the temperature of a region. all places on earth average 12 hours of light each day, but the actual number of hours depends on the location of where you're at.

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The Seasons- each season is characterized by a pattern of temperature and other weather trends
near the poles the temperature change is large, near the equator its about the same all year round

equinox- when sun shines equally in the north and south hemispheres
solstice- area of sunlight at a maximum in one hemisphere and minimum in the other

phases of the moon- lunar phases are the moon's appearance changes due to the rotation and light reflection of the sun moon and earth- the lunar cycle starts with a new moon at this time the earth sun and moon are lined up. then it goes to waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, and then full moon, after that its the waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent. all these positions depend on where the sun moon and earth are.

lunar eclipse- A lunar eclipse is when the earth is between the sun and moon. You see the shadow of the earth on the moon.

solar eclipses- when the moon is directly between the sun and earth the shadow of the moon falls on a part of earth and causes a solar eclipse the suns light is completely blocked by the moon.

daily tide changes

• High tides is the water level that is higher then the average sea level
• Low tides form in the areas between high tides.
• As the moon moves around earth and earth rotates the tidal bulges move around earth

tidal ranges

• tidal range- the difference between the levels of ocean water at a high and low tide
• neap tide- smallest daily tidal range this occurs when the earth sun and moon form a 90 degree angle
• spring tide- the largest daily tide range these happen when the sun moon and earth are all in a line

Tidal Cycles- Since the moon revolves around the earth much more slowly than earth rotates a place on earth that is facing moon takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to rotate to face the moon again so the cycle of high tides and low tides at that place happens 50 minutes later each day so the tides are in different places on earth each day.