PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Civilization:
A society with cities, a central government, social classes, and usually writing, art, and architecture
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- China is old.
- They wanted to be apart from the world.
- They invented a lot of things.
Oldest continuous civilization in the world.
The Great Wall is a symbol of separation.
Inventions: gunpowder, paper, silk weaving, spinning wheel, magnetic compass, printing press
Emperor: a ruler of widespread lands and groups of people.
Dynasty: a series of rulers from the same family
China was ruled by emperors, because their country was so big!
A lot of times, these emperors came from dynasties.
Migration:
A movement of people from one country or region to another to make a new home.
The migrations of Chinese to Korea led to a transfer of Chinese knowledge and customs to Koreans.
JAPAN'S HISTORY
- Fighting families
- Weak emperors took over Japan
- Shoguns made the laws
- Samurais enforced the laws
- Japan was isolated for many years
Shoguns were the emperor's generals
Samurais were warrior nobles
What other empire liked to be isolated from the rest of the world?
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Look at Japan. Why would it be so easy for Japan to isolate themselves?
Cultural diffusion:
Spreading of ideas between cultures
For a long time, China was the leader in inventions, discoveries, and stuff like that.
Eventually, countries like Japan and Korea started adopting Chinese cultural practices as their own.
China adopted other cultures' stuff too! For example, they got the religion of Buddhism from India.
What kinds of things has America borrowed from other countries?
"Although East Asia was not interested in the rest of the world, the world was interested in East Asia."
Japan eventually became the strongest nation in Asia...
In the 1800s, western trading ships started coming to east Asia and selling products.
Commodore Matthew Perry from the U.S. came to Japan and forced them to grant trading rights to the U.S.
Japan adopted a lot of American customs and inventions as a result of this, and this caused Japan to become the strongest nation in Asia.
China
...But trading with China was different.
Big countries were greedy and all wanted a piece of China.
China was not strong enough to defend itself.
Western nations such as England, France, Russia, and even Japan all wanted to divide up a China so that they could use it how they wanted.
Finally, in 1854, the U.S. said that all nations could trade with China equally.
Japan's leaders wanted to control other East Asian countries.
Eventually, they would lead attacks on Europeans and Americans during WWII.
The U.S. and its allies defeated Japan during WWII by dropping the atomic bombs.
After the war, the U.S. helped Japan rebuild and create an elected government.
In 1911, there was a revolution in China to get rid of the emperors.
After WWII, there was a civil war in China.
The Communists won the civil war in 1949, making China a communist country.
After WWII, North Korea became Communist, while South Korea stayed a republic.
During the Korean War, the U.S. and other countries helped South Korea.
The Koreas still remain separated at the 38th parallel today.