Egypt
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
EGYPTIAN MYTHOLOGY
BY: CASSIE HAMMOND
Location
Egyptians live in Egypt, which is located in northeast Africa. Most of Egypt's population was, and is still today, located along the Nile river.
Photo by Bracketing Life
Untitled Slide
Religion
Egyptians were polytheistic. The pharaoh was believed to be the living Horus, son of Osiris and Isis. Whatever deities the Pharaoh worshiped, the people worshiped. Preserving the dead was very important. If a person's body was not preserved, that person's soul would never return to their body.
Photo by Elias Rovielo
Political System
Egypt was an Empire. At first it was controlled by a king, and later by a Pharaoh. Under the Pharaoh were local rulers and officials. During the 20th century, Egypt became a republic, or, more specifically, a parliamentary democracy.
Photo by xlynx
Economic System
Agriculture was very important in ancient Egypt. Every year the Nile flooded and left rich, black soil on the banks of the Nile, where almost all of Egypt lived. Trade was also important. Most people traveled using the Nile. Today agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism are three major economical sectors.
Photo by KevinLallier
Interesting Cultural Facts
Hieroglyphs and cursive were invented in Egypt around 3000 BC. Women rarely ever had government jobs, but there position in society was only slightly less than men. They could get a divorce and own property. As time went on, women became more involved in religious affairs.
Photo by KJGarbutt
COSMOGONY
TYPE: WORLD PARENT
Before there was anything, there was Nu, a dark swirling chaos. Out of Nu emerged Atum. Atum spat out Shu and vomited up Tefnut. Shu and Tefnut created Geb, the earth, and Nut, the sky. Geb and Nut created Osiris, Isis, Nepthys, and Seth. Shu and Tefnut were separated from Atum and were lost in Nu. When they were reunited, Atum shed tears of joy, which became mankind.
PANTHEON
There were about 2000 ancient Egyptian deities.
Amun
Amun was the King of gods. He was very powerful, especially when combined with Ra. Amum was often depicted as a man with a ram head or a man wearing an ostrich plumed hat.
Photo by mharrsch
Atum
Atum rose from Nu, the waters of Chaos, and was the first deity. Atum means "the all" or "perfection". Atum is depicted as a man with a double crown.
Photo by rocor
Shu
Shu was the god of the air, father of Geb and Nut, and brother and husband of Tefnut. He held up Nut so that the sky and the earth stayed separated. He was depicted as a man wearing a headdress with feathers.
Photo by Leeds Museums and Galleries
Tefnut
Tefnut was the goddess of moisture, sister and wife of Shu, and mother of Geb and Nut. She was often depicted as a woman with the head of a lioness.
Photo by leoncillo sabino
Geb
Geb was the god of earth, husband and brother of Nut, and father of Isis, Osiris, Nepthys, and Seth. Earthquakes were thought to have been Geb's laughter. Geb is depicted as a man lying down below the arch of Nut.
Photo by fermicat
Nut
Nut was the sky goddess, sister and wife Geb, and mother of Isis, Osiris, Nepthys, and Seth. Every morning she gave birth to Ra, the sun god, and every evening she swallowed him. She was often depicted as a women wearing a dress with stars on it, with her body arched across the sky.
Photo by markkilner
Isis
Isis was the wife of Osiris, sister of Osiris, Seth, and Nepthys, and mother of Horus. She was the goddess of magic, marriage, healing, and motherhood. She was often depicted as a women with a headdress in the shape of a throne.
Photo by kairoinfo4u
Osiris
Osiris was the god of the dead, husband of Isis, brother of Isis, Nepthys, and Seth, and father of Horus. He was often depicted as a mummified man wearing a white cone-like headdress with feathers.
Photo by koopmanrob
Nepthys
Nepthys was the goddess of the dead, wife of Seth, sister of Isis, Osiris, and Seth, and mother of Anubis. She was often depicted as a woman with a headdress showing her name in hieroglyphs.
Photo by isawnyu
Seth
Seth was the god of evil and chaos, husband of Nepthys, brother of Osiris, Isis, and Nepthys, and the father of Anubis. He was depicted as a man with the head of a Seth animal, or sha.
Horus
Horus was the god of the sky, and Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh was the living Horus. He was the son of Osiris and Isis, and after Osiris was killed by Seth, Horus fought Seth for the throne. Horus won the battle and was chosen to be the ruler of the living. He is depicted as a man with the head of a hawk.
Photo by waywuwei
Ra and Ma'at
Ra was the sun god. He was swallowed by Nut at night and traveled through the underworld. Ra was depicted as a man with a headdress with a sun disk. Ma'at was the goddess of justice and truth and was the daughter of Ra. The advisor to the Pharaoh was in charge of the courts and was known as the priest of Ma'at. She was often depicted as a woman wearing a feather.
Photo by thorinside
Afterlife
Ancient Egyptians believed that when they died, they first had to pass through the Field of Reeds and would arrive in the presence of Osiris. Then Ma'at weighed their heart against a feather. If they balanced, that person could enter the Land of Two Fields, but only if that person had preserved their body and written their name down somewhere.
Photo by garden beth
