ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS, AND MIXTURES

ELEMENTS

• Elements are pure substances.
• Elements are made up of the same atoms.
• There are 115 known elements.
• They are organized the Periodic Table of The Elements.
• Elements can be broken down into one atom.

EXAMPLES

• Na - Sodium
• H - Hydrogen
• O - Oxygen
• N - Nitrogen
• C - Carbon

COMPOUNDS

• Compounds- 2 or more elements combined to make another.
• 2 or more atoms from different elements.
• Compounds can be broken down into individual elements
• Examples: water (H2O) is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
• Examples: hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

EXAMPLES

• H2O - water
• H2O2 - hydrogen peroxide
• NaO - sodium and oxygen
• H3B - hydrogen and boron

MIXTURES

• A combination of substances that create another substance.
• Can change physical properties of an element in the mixture.
• Mixtures can be separated.
• Examples: mix together water and dirt, and mud is the outcome.
• Examples: salsa, mix together tomato sauce and vegtables.

EXAMPLES

• Chex Mix
• M&M's
• Trail Mix
• Skittles
• Kool Aid (when mixed with water)

CATEGORIES OF MIXTURES

Homogeneous

The combination of the substances in the mixture are hard to see. But the outcome has the same properties.

CATEGORIES OF MIXTURES

Heterogeneous

If a mixture is heterogeneous, it means that the ingredients in the mixture are visible and are able to be identified.

ELEMENTS IN THE EARTH'S CRUST

ELEMENTS

• Oxygen 46.6 %
• Silicon 27.7 %
• Aluminum 8.1%
• Iron 5.0 %
• Calcium 3.6 %

ELEMENTS

• Sodium 2.8 %
• Potassium 2.6 %
• Magnesium 2.1 %
• All others 1.5 %