Elements,Compounds,And Mixtures

ELEMENTS

• An element is a pure substance that can't be broken physically or chemically
• Pure substances are substances that have identical particles
• Elements can be classified by examining its physical or chemical properties
• Examples of physical properties - hardness, melting point, and density
• Examples of chemical properties - reactivity and flammability

CATEGORIES OF ELEMENTS

• The categories of elements are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
• Metals - shiny, conduct heat and electricity, malleable, ductile
• Nonmetals - dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Metalloids - has properties of metals and nonmetals

COMPOUNDS

• A compound is a substance of multiple elements chemically combined
• Examples of compounds - Table Salt, Baking Soda, and Water
• Compounds can be broken down into their elements
• Making a chemical change is the only way to break down a compound
• Compounds can also be found inside of living things

MIXTURES

• Mixtures are multiple substances that aren't chemically combined
• Mixtures can be separated by magnets, dissolving, and filtering
• Examples of mixtures are pizza, salt water, and granite

SOLUTIONS

• Solutions are mixtures that appear to be single substances
• A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution
• The solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved
• Solutions can be liquid or gas
• Liquid solution: gasoline - Gas solution: air