Lecture 3

Review

• Defined rhetoric
• Components of rhetoric
• Discussion Board

Untitled Slide

Classical Rhetorical Arrangement

• Introduction (exordium)
• Statement of Fact (narratio)
• Confirmation (confirmatio)
• Refutation (refutatio)
• Conclusion (peroratio)

Argument

"The major barrier to mutual interpersonal communication is our very natural tendency to judge, to evaluate, to approve or disapprove, the statement of the other person or the other group."




-Carl Rogers, "Communication: Its Blocking and Its Facilitation," 1951

ROGERIAN STRUCTURE

• Acknowledge the oposition
• State your thesis
• Support your thesis
• How is your position beneficial/acknowledge shortcomings

"Arguments can be compared with law-suits, and the claims we make and argue for in extra-legal contexts with claims made in the courts, while the cases we present in making good each kind of claim can be compared with each other."

-Stephen Toulmin, The Uses of Argument

TOULMIN STRUCTURE

• Claim
• Evidence (grounds)
• Warrant
• Backing
• Rebuttal (counter argument)
• Qualifier

qualifiers

ABSOLUTE VS LIMITED

In-class Exercise

FOR NEXT CLASS (2/1)

• Finish BB Discussion Board
• Review notes