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Matthew Chang
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

The Scarlet Letter

BY NATHANIEL Hawthorne; Matthew CHANG PERIOD 4
Matthew Chang
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Essential Question

  • Why should modern society have harsher punishments for adultery?
The book that the essential question is based on is the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. My essential question is: Why should modern society have harsher punishments fr adultery?
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The Source

The article, “The Adulterous Wife: A Cross Historical and Disciplinary Approach” by Meghan E.B. Norton, states in her introduction that “because adultery has always been difficult to evaluate on moral and legal grounds, authors, legal scholars, and readers have long been fascinated by the topic.” The article is explains early on that the topic of adultery has different kinds of punishments depending on “moral and legal grounds” which makes it so difficult to give punishment to, simply because of beliefs that an opposing party can have over the other.
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WHAT’S IN IT?

The article gives examples and comparisons for adulterous punishments with:

Books like The Scarlet Letter, Madame Bovary, and Anna Karenina

Punishments for adultery during 18th, 19th, and 20th century America, Russia, and France.

And comparing them to punishments for Modern United States, France, and Russia.

Only in America

For this presentation, I an exclusively sticking to the American section of the article.

In section 1 part C, Norton addresses the laws o adultery in America as they changed from the 1600s to the 1800s

It states that, “colonies permitted divorce on adultery grounds” which were based on the idea of court-ordered divorces which were considered “punishments for crimes against marriage”

This was the worst legal punishment for adultery but because of something called the sexual double standard, men were favored over women in the court cases and if they won, the punishment for the ex-wife would be at the hands of the ex-husband.

Over time however, the laws would change but because of these changes, the punishments became less and less severe.

Only in America today!

In section 1 part D, The article delves into how the modern United States deals with adultery.

According to the section, “punishments vary from state to state” but the baseline for these punishments usually ends in divorce.

When it come to other punishments, adultery within marriage can be tried and brought to criminal prosecutions which end in other legal battles for property, family, money, etc.

The sexual double standard exhibited in books like The Scarlet Letter no longer applies to any adultery laws and anything that happens outside of those standards can be tried for criminal offense.

This means that the worse that can happen to someone who committed adultery is losing their spouse. Other factors like money, family, and property depend on the livelihood of the former couple.

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