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Equal Protection

Published on Jan 29, 2019

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Equal Protection

 a guarantee under the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that a state must treat an individual 

Affirmative action

an active effort to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups and women

Lobbyists

a corridor or hall connected with a larger room or series of rooms and used as a passageway or waiting room

Constituents

 a member of a constituency

Bill

the jaws of a bird together with their horny covering

Interest Groups

 a group of persons having a common identifying interest that often provides a basis for action Synonyms

congressional district

 a territorial division of a state from which a member of the U.S. House of Representatives is elected

bill of attainder

a legislative act that imposes punishment without a trial

Speaker of the house

The presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The Speaker, a member of the House, is elected by a majority party caucus. In addition to being chief spokesman for the majority party, the Speaker runs the proceedings of House debate and voting, appoints committee members, refers bills to committees for research and development, and has an influential voice in all stages of a bill's consideration. One of the most visible and influential officials of the federal government, the Speaker is second in line, after the vice president, in succession to the presidency.

President pro tempore

 a member of the U.S. senate and usually a leader of the majority party who is chosen to serve as presiding officer of the senate in the absence of the vice-president

Floor leaders

a member of a legislative body chosen by a party to have charge of its organization and strategy on the floor

Pocket veto: an indirect veto of a legislative bill by an executive through retention of the bill unsigned until after adjournment of the legislature: an indirect veto of a legislative bill by an executive through retention of the bill unsigned until after adjournment of the legislatureto

: an indirect veto of a legislative bill by an executive through retention of the bill unsigned until after adjournment of the legislature

Filibuster

 an irregular military adventurer

cloture

the closing or limitation of debate in a legislative body especially by calling for a vote

Foregign

the policy of a sovereign state in its interaction with other sovereign states

Domestic policy

The term domestic policy refers to the decisions made by a government regarding issues and activities that occur within the country. This term encompasses all of the laws, planning, and actions of the government which concern internal issues that affect the entire country. Many domestic policies are devised by the federal government, though many are developed through the combined efforts of federal, state, and local governments. To explore this concept, consider the following domestic policy definition.

ambassador

an official envoy

executive agreements

 an agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government made by the executive branch either alone or with Congressional approval and dealing usually with routine matters

Bureaucracy

body of nonelective government officials

Cabinet

 a case or cupboard usually having doors and shelves

administration

: performance of executive duties : MANAGEMENT worked in the administration of a hospital

Treaties

Executive privilege

 exemption from legally enforced disclosure of communications within the executive branch of government when such disclosure would adversely affect the functions and decision-making processes of the executive branch

Plaintiff

 a person who brings a legal action

Defendant

a person or group against whom a criminal or civil action is brought : someone who is being sued or accused of committing a crime if the jury finds the defendant not guilty

prosecution

 the act or process of prosecuting

Precedent

 prior in time, order, arrangement, or significance

Original jurisdiction

he power, right, or authority to interpret, apply, and declare the law

Appeal

a legal proceeding by which a case is brought before a higher court for review of the decision of a lower court

Appellate jurisdiction

 the power, right, or authority to interpret, apply, and declare the law (as by rendering a decision)

court of appeals

 a court hearing appeals from the decisions of lower courts

circuit courts

a court that sits at two or more places within one judicial district

opinion

a view or judgment

judicial review

 a constitutional doctrine that gives to a court system the power to annul legislative or executive acts which the judges declare to be unconstitutional

judicial activism

 the practice in the judiciary of protecting or expanding individual rights through decisions that depart from established precedent or are independent of or in opposition to supposed constitutional or legislative intent

judicial restraint

 refraining in the judiciary from departure from precedent and the formulation of broad doctrine