PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Formation of stalactites and stalagmites.
Calcium carbonate turns into CaHCO3 with water and high concentration of carbon dioxide. CaHCO3 is soluble in water and can form rock, water and carbon dioxide.
When the concentration of water and carbon dioxide is high, the equilibrium shifts to produce calcium bicarbonate. When the concentration of them is low, the equilibrium shifts to produce water carbon dioxide and rock.
Carbon dioxide can dissolve in the water or react with water forming carbonic acid when the pressure is high in the bottle. After open the bottle of soda, the pressure decreases, which makes the equilibrium shift to release carbon dioxide.
For transporting oxygen, the blood carries the oxygen. When they meets the cell which has a lower concentration of oxygen, the oxygen transfers to the cell from the blood due to the difference of concentration.
The cell needs to break down the glucose consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide to provide energy. So it forms a cycle.
When you add 1 mole of vinegar in 1L of water, you will find that the concentration of the hydrogen ions is not 1M. Because vinegar can't decompose into ions, there is an Equilibrium existing in the solution of vinegar. When you add some water, the amount of hydrogen ions decrease. When you add some vinegar, the equilibrium shifts to produce more hydrogen ions.