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Equine Reproductive Diseases

Published on Dec 08, 2015

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1.

EQUINE REPRODUCTIVE DISEASES

BY: AILEEN SOLIS
2.

BACTERIAL PLACENTITIS

  • Will occur in 3-7% of pregnant mares
  • 90% of infections due to bacteria entering the vagina
  • Bacteria travels up to cervix & penetrates barrier
  • Results in decrease in oxygen transfer & nutrients to fetus
  • Blood supply diminishes
3.

TREATMENT

  • Must be instituted early to save pregnancy
  • Includes complete physical examination
  • Administration of trimethoprim sulfa orally to prevent infection
  • Antibiotics
4.

BRUCELLOSIS

  • Very rare infection caused by -Brucella abortus or Brucella suis bacteria
  • Can cause abortion, infection of sex organs in stallions, & infertility
  • Most common abnormality: suppurative bursitis, a pus-filled inflammation of connective tissue over the shoulders
  • Diagnosed through lab tests- isolate the bacteria in blood, semen, or milk of the infected horse
  • Antibiotics are the usual treatment; elimination of the infection is difficult to accomplish
5.

CONTAGIOUS EQUINE METRITIS

  • Highly contagious but uncommon venereal bacterial disease; Causal agent: Taylorella equigenitalis
  • Causes infection & inflammation in mare reproductive tract; stallions can only carry disease on external genitals
  • Clinical signs: thick vaginal discharge & discomfort or mare returning to heat faster
  • Bacterium is tricky to detect & sometimes slips past screening tests
  • Treatment: thoroughly cleaning the penis or vagina with antiseptics and applying antibiotic ointment
6.

EQUINE COITAL EXANTHEMA

  • Genital Horsepox; type 3 equine herpesvirus
  • Benign STD of horses affecting both sexes
  • Primarily spread through sexual activity; also spread by contaminated instruments
  • Signs: multiple, circular, red spots on the vulva & vagina; may become infected by bacteria & develop into abscesses
  • Sexual rest allows sores to heal & prevent the spread of the disease; use of antibiotic ointments to prevent secondary bacterial infections
7.

EQUINE VIRAL ARTERITIS

  • Viral disease; Venereal transmission but rare in United States at present
  • Cause: Flu like illness (fatal in foals), Edema of limbs and prepuce, & Abortion
  • Easier to prevent than treat; Treatment includes anti-inflammatory & diuretic drugs
8.

SOURCES

Aileen S