EXCAVATIONS IN TROYA
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Location of Troy
"Troy" and "Ilion" are two different names for the same mighty city in Asia Minor, at the entrance of the Aegean Sea to the Dardanelles (Hellespont). The city was located on the ancient sea trading route that connected the Aegean Sea to the Marmara and Black Seas. Troy dominated the strait and this allowed the city to become a key center of trade between the East and the West in the Bronze Age.
Excavations of Troy in Turkey and the Treasure of Priam
Troy I
The oldest archaeological traces of Troy date back to 2900 - 2500 years. BC e. Troy I was a small settlement and even in the prime of its existence it was only 100 m in diameter. Despite its modest size, Troy I had a fortress with massive walls, gates and towers made of unhewn stone. This settlement existed for almost five centuries and, most likely, was destroyed by fire.
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Photo by Ozgurmulazimoglu
Troy II
Despite the fact that Troy I was destroyed by a fire, which arose at the site of the ashes of Troy II is a revival of the deceased city. The second cultural layer of Troy (2500-2300 BC) is one of the most impressive archaeological sites of the early Bronze Age. Many treasures were discovered in this layer, including the treasure discovered by Schliemann, which he hastily called the “Treasure of Priam”. All these treasures of gold, silver, bronze and copper speak of active trading activities in the city. However, Troy II also collapsed, but as a result of a surprise attack, as evidenced by the detected traces of intentional destruction.
Troy III, IV and V
Troy III, IV and V are already larger settlements that existed from 2300-1800
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Photo by Fabio Santaniello Bruun
According to modern scholars, the Greeks settled Troy after the war after 250 years, that is, during the life of Homer. At first, a small settlement appeared on the site of the old Troy, then the city grew. On the territory of Troy was the temple of Athena, as well as the sanctuary for sacrifices (900-85 BC). According to Arrian (ancient Greek historian and geographer), Alexander the Great made a pilgrimage to Troy and visited the temple of Athens. From the temple of Athena only a few fragments of altars and marble fragments reached us. As the power of the Roman state grew, a legend arose that it was the descendants of the Trojan Aeneas who founded Rome. Therefore, the Romans honored Troy. Guy Julius Caesar ordered the expansion of the temple of Athena
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