PROVIDING FIRST AID

STEPS IN AN EMERGENCY

• Recognize the emergency
• Check the scene
• Perform the 3 C's

THE 3 C'S

• Check the victim.
• Call 911 or local emergency number.
• Care for the victim.

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

• Wearing sterile gloves
• Washing hands after providing first aid
• Using a mouthpiece

OPEN WOUNDS

• Abrasions - scrapes
• Lacerations - cuts
• Punctures
• Avulsions

CONTROLLING BLEEDING

• Cover wound
• Apply pressure
• Secure the pad
• Call for medical help if bleeding continues

BURNS

• First-degree
• Second-degree
• Third-degree

TREATING BURNS

• Cool burned area
• Loosely cover the burn
• OTC pain reliever
• Medical help if infected

CPR AND FIRST AID FOR SHOCK AND CHOKING

CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

• Call medical emergency services
• CPR
• Defibrillation
• Advanced care

CPR

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Better to have CPR done by an untrained person
• Check to see if the person responds before giving CPR
• Don't use face masks on infants
• Rescue breathe on the baby's mouth AND nose

CPR (cONTINUED)

• Use your fingers for chest compressions on infants
• Only use one hand for young children

CHOKING

• Perform abdominal thrusts on adults
• Infants need to be patted on the back whike facing down

SHOCK

• Call 911
• Raise legs 12 inches
• Prepare for CPR
• Warmth and comfort
• No food/drink

RESPONDING TO OTHER COMMON EMERGENCIES

MUSCLE AND JOINT INJURIES

• Strains - tear
• Sprains - ligaments

PRICE

• Protect
• Rest
• Ice
• Compress
• Elevate

FRACTURES - DISLOCATIONS

• Fracture - break
• Dislocation - separation

UNCONSCIOUSNESS

• Unable to respond to simple commands
• Call 911, check breathing

RESCUE POSITION

• Lay on side
• Bend top leg
• Tilt head
• Keep warm

FAINTING

• Temporary loss of consciousness
• Lay victim down
• Elevate legs
• Vomit - recovery position

CONCUSSION

• Call a doctor
• Lay down
• Recovery position

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS

• Indoors
• Avoid metal objects
• Avoid bathing or showering

HURRICANES

• Major flooding, flying debris
• Secure property
• Follow progression of storm

TORNADO

• Take shelter
• Windows, doors, outer walls
• Shield head

WINTER STORM

• Stay inside
• Avoid driving
• Loose, light clothing

FLOODS

• Radio and TV
• Secure home
• Clean and disinfect

EARTHQUAKES

• Take cover
• Prepare for aftershocks