ABORIGINAL PEOPLE

FIRST NATIONS

• I am going to talk about the First Nations of Canada

IN THIS HAIKU DECK I WILL SHOW YOU...

• What they eat, where they live, and their spiritual beliefs
• And their traditions

PEOPLES OF THE NORTHWEST COAST

Coast lands they lived in was broken into inlets bays, deep channels, islands and lots of the tree Douglas Fir.

TOTEM POLES

• Such as Bears Wolfes Thunderbirds, Killer Whales and Eagles
• if the head chief died

FOOD

• The main food was fish but they also ate whales and beavers too
• Sometimes goats and water buffalo is a little treat

CEDAR - THE TREE OF LIFE

• Weaving
• Bentwood boxes
• Carved items
• Bark rope and twine

CEDAR - THE TREE OF LIFE 2

• For jackets
• Clothing
• For ranking the people

WHY DO THEY CALL IT CEDER THE OF LIFE?

• Because it provides them with many things.
• And clothing.

POTLATCH

• Births, marriages and deaths.
• One had to remember all of the above.
• Other celebrated

MASKS

• Spirits known as visit villagers
• To scare spirits

THE SHAMAN

• Could heal the sick
• Assist warriors when they went on raids
• And predict the future

PEOPLES OF THE PLATEAU

CLOTHING

• Men women wore tanned deer hides and grass

HOUSES

• Looks like a hill and is very big.
• Made out of grass and wood.
• And mud.

FISHING FOR SALMON

• Skilled fishermen
• Used a leister, which is a kind of spear

FISHING FOR SALMON 2

• Used fish traps made by the ktunaxa people.
• They dried salmon on racks.
• When needed was cooked in watertight baskets.

TRADE

• They lived in the middle of a trade network.
• They traded things they didn't have.
• Like salmon for dentalium shells (seashells)

WARFARE

• From time to time war happens between the groups.
• A war chief was chosen for his courage and fighting skills.
• They used daggers, spears, warclubs and bow and arrows.

HUNTING AND GATHERING

• Mule, deer, elk, black bears, caribou and bighorn sheep
• They where hunted with spars and bow and arrows

PEOPLES OF THE PLAINS

CLOTHING

• Clothing was made out Buffalo or deer hide.
• The clothing was held together by Buffalo sinew.

TEPEES

• A tepee is anchored to the ground.
• And are collard with ink.

THE BUFFALO HUNTERS

• The planes people depended on Buffalo or Bison.
• There were different methods of hunting the Buffalo.

FROM ONE BUFFALO

• Rope, horn spoon, headdress, shield and whisk

TOBACCO

• They smoked it for pleasure on special events
• For example the Sundance

EAGLES

• Where trapped until they died.
• They were highly respected.

PEOPLES OF THE ARCTIC

HOMES

• There were two different types of homes
• One made out of skin and bones, and one out of snow

SNOW VILLAGES

• Several igloos close together made a snow village

HUNTING SEA ANIMALS

• They hunted sea mammals with spears

TOGGLE HEAD HARPOONS

• It was a masterpiece
• It is very stable

BOLAS

• A piece of rope with rocks on the end
• It traps birds until they fall and die

HUNTING LAND ANIMALS

• Hunted caribou, musk, oxen and smaller animals such as heirs

UMIAK

• Flat-bottomed boat
• Made of wood or bone

KAYAK

• The inuit developed the kayak

INUKSHUK

• At the time, it was just a pile of rocks
• An did not resemble a human figure

COTHING

• Men and women wore a shirt with a hood
• It was for kayakers who wanted to stay dry

DOG SLEDS

• Goods where carried around on them

SPIRITUAL BELIEFS

• Everything has a soul
• Even rocks

STORIES

• Storys had always had a meaning for the Inuit

SHAMANS

• They have special powers
• Can cure the sick
• And move the animals
• They could be men or women

PEOPLES OF THE SUBARCTIC

AREAS OCCUPIED

WEATHER

• Cold winters and hot summers

SPIRITUAL BELIEFS

• They call shaman for help

TOJO

• He collected sticks from Northwest Territories
• Then decorated them
• Used dear skin to decorate them
• I met him at the Harmony Arts Festival
• He traded with the subarctic people

PEOPLES OF THE EASTERN WOODLANDS

LONGHOUSES

• 5-6 families lived in each
• Over 100 houses in each town

LEAGUE OF THE SIX NATIONS

• It was the legendary great law of peace

LACROSSE

• They invented lacrosse.
• The game was very violent at the time

TRANSPORTATION

• Canoes used for transportation
• When they went to trade

HARVESTING

• They fertilized the ground with ashes
• And one of the few tribes who planted
• The main crops are corn beans and squash
• Lived on vegetables and did very few hunting
• And almost never ate meat

SNAPPING TURTLE RATTLE

• Rubbed it on the door of The longhouse
• And did a ritual
• And wore masks with good spirits and in them

ALGONQUINS OF THE EASTERN WOODLANDS

RICE

• They stompd on them to get shells out
• And was their main food

PEOPLE OF THE BIRCH

• Used for homes, raincoats, torches, containers and utensils
• And Canoes

HUNTING GATHERING

• They like to eat berries and moose

SPIRITUAL BELIEFS

• They believe that everything had a spirit
• Even rocks

ABORIGINAL PEOPLE AFTER CONTACT

INDIAN OR ABORIGINAL

• It's more respectful to call them Aboriginal

KANATA/CANADA

• Canada comes from a word meaning Village

THE CHRISTIANS COME

• The Christians take over

THERE'S A CROSS ON FIRST NATIONS LAND

• The Christians did it to mark the land.

FIRST NATIONS ARE FED ALCOHOL

• Settlers from Europe tried to bring Abiriginals under control

RCMP INTERFERES WITH POTLATCH

THE INDIAN ACT

• They needed permission to hire lawyers
• Canadian citizens had full rights
• Aboriginal people did not have any rights

DISEASES KILL FIRST NATIONS

• Settlers brought with them many diseases
• Aboriginal peoples immune system was not used to the diseases

RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

• Tried to convert Aboriginal children to Christianity
• Children were taken away from their families and traditions
• Children were allowed limited contact with their families
• It has left a lasting impact on many who were firced to attend

A BIG SORRY

• Prime Minister Stephen Harper said sorry
• he said sorry on behalf of Canadians

THE END