FLASHCARDS

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

• Thought the sun was the center of the universe
• Was home arrested
• Was kicked out of the church

GALILEO GALIEI

• Proved Copernicus' theory
• Refined the Dutch telescope
• Named Jupiter's moons after the Medici
• Invented the thermometer

ISAAC NEWTON

• Came up with the idea of physics and gravity
• Pioneered the reflective telescope
• Retranslated the bible
• An apple fell on his head

RENE DESCARTES

• He was a French Catholic writer
• Created the scientific theory
• He was the father of modern philosophy
• He proved that God is real

PTOLEMY

• Agreed and expanded on Aristotle's views
• Claimed that planets and moons have their own orbit

PYTHAGORAS

• Was a greek scholar
• Tried to explain the universe in mathematical terms
• Came up with the idea of harmony
• His work greatly increased classical greek and european philosophy

EUCLID

• Studied shapes like circles and triangles
• His worked formed the basis of geometry

ARISTOTLE

• Considered one of the greatest thinkers of all time
• He studied stars and planets in a rational way
• His studies led to geocentric theory

HIPPOCRATES

• Was the father of modern medicine
• Thought doctors could diagnose diseases

GALEN

• Focused on anatomy
• Gained much of his knowledge from disection
• He learned that arteries are filled with blood

AL-KHWARIZM

• Developed a branch of algebra
• Created the arabic numbering system

OMAR KHAYYAM

• Drew on greek ideas to further the work of al-Khayyam
• Wrote a study on Euclid's work on geometry

AL-RAZI

• A persian born doctor
• Used classical greek studies to identify and describe diseases

IBN SINA

• Published canon of medicine
• It organised all medical works from aristotle's time

MAIMONIDES

• Rote and taught about religion, science and medicine
• Greatly influenced Muslim snd Christian thinkers

GERSONIDES

• Made an instrument for measuring distances between objects in the sky

THOMAS AQUINAS

• Tried to show that religion and science could live in harmony
• His argument was that both came from God

JOHANNES KELPER

• Refined and built on Copernicus' theories
• He used mathematical laws to prove that planets did indeed move around the sun
• One law showed that the planets moved in an elliptical orbit

ANTON VAN LEEWENHOEK

• created the microscope
• He observed bacteria, and tiny moving matter in fluids

GABRIEL DANIEL FAHRENHEIT

• Created first mercury thermometer
• Created first temperature measurment

EVANGELISTA TORRICELLI

• Invented the barometer

SIR FRANCIS BACON

• Created the scientific method
• Died due to sickness after testing a theory

PRINCE HENRY

• Was the son of Portugal's king
• Set up a school in Portugal for mapmakers, navigators and shipbuilders
• Was a navigator, yet rarely boarded a ship

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

• Wanted to find a new route to Asia by going West
• After about 10 weeks, a sailor called out "Tierra, Tierra" "land land"
• Thought that it was India, but it was an island in the Carribean
• Discovered a new land

FERDINAND MAGELLAN

• Tried to travel across the whole world on a boat
• Although Magellan was killed in a local war
• But his crew continued his voyage

HERNÁN CORTÉS

• Conquered the rich Aztecs
• Spain had gained control over all of present day Mexico and Central America

FRANCISCO PIZARRO

• Conquered the Incans

JOHN CABOT

• Claimed coastal lands in Canada + America for England
• But he did not find the passage

AMERIGO VESPUCCI

• The Americas were named after him
• First to explore and map the coasts of the Americas