FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

HYDROXYL

• Structure
• FunctionHydroxyl groups have one hydrogen paired with one oxygen atom (symbolized as -OH).
• Hydroxyl groups are not highly reactive, but they readily form hydrogen bonds and
• make molecules soluble in water.
• Ex. Alcohols and sugars are "loaded" with hydroxyl groups.

CARBOXYL

• Structure
• Function- used as precursors to form other compounds such as esters, aldehydes and ketones
• Ex.

AMINE

• Function- can act as bases by picking up free H+
• Structure
• Ex.Derivatives of ammonia

PHOSPHATE

• Structure
• Function- these molecules are usually involved in E transfers such as ATP.
• It can also act like an Anion, a negative ion.
• Ex. In your body, phosphorus is present in your genes, your teeth, and your bones
• even your muscles work because of the phosphorus in adenosine triphosphate.