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Genetics And Heredity

Published on Nov 19, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

GENETICS AND HEREDITY

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VOCABULARY...

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HEREDITY-

  • the passing of traits from parent to offspring

CHROMOSOMES-

  • a tightly wound bundle of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of most
  • living cells
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GENES-

  • the basic unit of heredity in a living organism; a segment of DNA or RNA
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GENOTYPE-

  • internal genetic coding passed on from one generation to the next
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Phenotype-

  • the observable traits of an organism passed on from parent to offspring
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Genetic Factors-

  • Genetic factors are used to study how a disease progresses through a family or population by
  • looking at if there is a specific genetic composition to the disease

ALLELES-

  • One member of a pair or series of genes on specific chromosomes in
  • specific positions

Punnett Squares-

  • a chart used to determine the possible genetic outcomes for offspring
  • of a given cross
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Purebred (Homozygous)-

  • Having identical alleles at one or more loci in homologous chromosome
  • segments
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Hybrid (Heterozygous)-

  • Having two alleles that are different for a given gene
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Dominant Trait (T- represented by a capital letter)-

  • A genetic trait passed from parent to child that is more likely to be expressed

RECESSIVE TRAIT (T- REPRESENTED BY A LOWER CASE LETTER)-

  • A genetic trait that lacks the ability to manifest itself when a
  • dominant gene is present
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THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW...

KNOW THAT...

  • Each parent gives ½ genetic information to their offspring

PUNNET SQUARE PERCENTAGES...

0/4=0%, ¼=25%, 2/4=50%, ¾=75%, 4/4=100%
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WHERE CHROMOSOMES ARE FOUND...

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus.
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CHROMOSOMES ARE MADE OF DNA, WHICH IS MADE UP OF GENES

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GREGOR MENDEL...

  • Gregor Mendel was the Monk who grew Pea Plants and came
  • up with the theory of Heredity.
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THE END

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