Grand Challenge 2
Published on Nov 19, 2015
cancer & amputations
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
RECOGNIZE VARIOUS TYPES OF CANCER THAT RESULT IN EXTREMITY LOSS
ANSWERED BY: ANIYAH JONES
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WHAT IS CANCER ?
- abnormal cells dividing uncontrollably
- can spread from one part of the body to another.
- a thousand diseases in one
- name from where it starts
- cancer is a disease characterized by the abnormal cells dividing uncontrollable. Cancer can spread form one body part to another and invade tissues. Cancer cells spread through the blood and lymph system. Continuing, cancer is a thousand diseases in one. This means that cancer has a thousand different types but is categorized under one main type. Most of the time, the name of the cancer is where it started at. For instance if your cancer starts in your kidney, than it is classified as kidney cancer.
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MALIGNANT MELANOMA
- deadly skin cancer
- triggered when damaged DNA skin cells creates mutations & multiply.
- causes malignant tumors
- caused by ultraviolet rays by sun rays & tanning beds.
- very difficult to treat
- Malignant is a type of skin cancer. Malignant Melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancer there are to be exact. This cancer is triggered when damaged DNA skin cells start to create mutations and the skin cells start to multiply rapidly. In addition, they create malignant tumors & the tumors start in the basal layer or the skin. It is often caused by ultraviolet rays from the sun and tanning beds.
HOW DOES IT CAUSE EXTREMITY LOSS?
- malignant melonoma can start on the skin but can seep down deeper.
- example : it can start beneath your toenail but spread to your blood vessels
- the last option could be to amputate the leg or foot.
- most of the treatments are surgical anyhow.
- This type of cancer can result in a loss of an extremity because it could start on the top skin, sole of the foot, or beneath the toenail. It is malignant which means it spreads. When it spreads it could go deeper into the skin and get into the blood vessels. The last resort to stop the cancer could be to amputate the leg. Most of the treatments for Malignant Melanoma are surgical anyhow.
OSTEOSARCOMA
- malignant bone cancer
- start from your osteoblasts
- mostly happen when you are having intense bone growth
- adolescents and teens
- creates bone tumors that weakens your bones
- Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone cancer. It is the most common cancer found in bones. Osteosarcoma starts from your bone growing cell, which are called osteoblasts. When there is intense bone growth, you are more likely to get osteosarcoma. This is why it is more common in adolescents and teens. During this ages you are constantly growing. Also, they create a bone tumors which cause the bone to weaken.
- There is not really a sign to know you have osteosarcoma. Generally, people have pain in the affected area and develop a limp. Frequently, the pain is related to to muscles soreness or growing pains. This causes the malignant osteosarcoma to progress
- There is not really a sign to know you have osteosarcoma. Generally, people have pain in the affected area and develop a limp. Frequently, the pain is related to to muscles soreness or growing pains. This causes the malignant osteosarcoma to progress
HOW CAN IT RESULT IN EXTREMITY LOSS
- it normally occurs in long bones
- if the cancer spreads the person could die
- last resort maybe to remove that part of the bone
- amputate extremity
- This cancer can result in an loss of extremity because it normally occurs in long bones. If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it could kill the person. The last option could be to surgically remove that part of the bone or amputate the leg or arm.
CHONDROSARCOMA
- malignant bone & cartilage cancer
- occurs when the tumor cells produce pure hyaline
- pure hyalin cartilage produces abnormal bone & cartilage growth
- no clear cause
- can be cause by some medical conditions
- Chondrosarcoma is also a malignant bone & cartilage cancer. For a more definite definition it is a malignant tumor of the connective tissues. The tumor cells of this cartilage produces pure hyaline cartilage that causes abnormal bone growth or/and cartilage growth. Chondrosarcoma is the second most general bone cancer. This bone/cartilage cancer has no clear cause. Yet, the risk can be increased by a few medical conditions.
- These conditions are Ollier’s Disease, Maffucci Syndrome, Multiple Hereditary Exostoses, Wilm’s Tumor, Paget’s disease, & by chemotherapy or radiation therapy done in children for a previous treatment.
- These conditions are Ollier’s Disease, Maffucci Syndrome, Multiple Hereditary Exostoses, Wilm’s Tumor, Paget’s disease, & by chemotherapy or radiation therapy done in children for a previous treatment.
HOW DOES IT RESULT IN EXTREMITY LOSS?
- starts in cartilage or bone
- means it could be in foot or hand
- it is malignant meaning it could spread
- to stop from spreading drastically
- amputation needed
Chondrosarcoma can lead to the amputation of an extremity because it starts in a bone or cartilage. This means it could start in a foot, hand, legs, or arm. Continuing with it is a malignant cancer it could spread and damage organs in the body. To stop the cancer from spreading to an drastic amount, they might have to amputate the extremity.
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DIABETES & PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
- diabetes causes nerve damage in your feet
- lessens your ability to feel in your foot
- cause amputation because lack of blood flow
- peripheral vascular disease is a circulatory disorder.
- the bulid up of plaque in artery walls cause lack of blood flow to limbs.
- Although our topic is cancer, there are other diseases that leads the loss of an extremity. One disease that causes the loss of an extremity is diabetes. Diabetes can cause nerve damage in your feet. So this lessens your ability to feel pain, heat, or cold. This means that you could get a foot injury and know it because of the loss of feeling. It can cause amputation because the lack of blood flow to that part of your body. People with diabetes have a bigger risk at getting infections as well.
- Another disease that leads to the loss of an extremity is peripheral vascular disease. Peripheral vascular disease is a circulatory disorder. It is often caused by atherosclerosis, which is the build up of plaque in the artery wall. This reduce the amount of blood flow to limbs (legs & arms.) This can cause the need for amputation of an extremity.
- Another disease that leads to the loss of an extremity is peripheral vascular disease. Peripheral vascular disease is a circulatory disorder. It is often caused by atherosclerosis, which is the build up of plaque in the artery wall. This reduce the amount of blood flow to limbs (legs & arms.) This can cause the need for amputation of an extremity.
EXPLAIN WHY THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR SOME EMERGING
AND RE-EMERGING DISEASES IS AMPUTATION?
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REASON 1
- Amputation is the surgical removal of all or some of limb.
- Some examples of an amputation may be a arm, finger, leg, toe, etc.
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REASON FOR AMPUTATIONS
- Poor circulation because of damage to arteries
- Peripheral arterial disease
- Without adequate blood flow body cells can't get nutrients needed
- Oxygen included
Reasons for amputation may be poor circulation because of damage of the arteries, caller peripheral arterial disease. Without adequate blood flow, the body cells can't get any oxygen and nutrients they need to from the bloodstream.
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COMPARE THREE TYPES OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS THAT MAY BE DONE
FOR SOMEONE NEEDING A PROSTHETIC DEVICE.
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RADIOLOGY TEST
- this is helping the doctor is what is happening on the inside.
- The test sends xray pictures for the missing limb to the doctor
- 1/3 of people who use this device it helps them get a prosethis device quicker.
Diabetes is a problem that may lead to amputation. The patients with diabetes can't control their blood sugar, cholesterol, and weight. One in three people that have diabetes and are older than 40 have a area in their feet that lacks feeling.
Photo by { pranav }
IS AMPUTATION BEST OPTION?
- yes
- amputation stops the disease from spreading
There are many other resources to stop a emerging or remedying disease, but is amputation the best option? The answer is yes. Amputation stops any disease from spreading more down the body.
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RESOURCES
- pictures from haikudeck
- info from traffic lights
