THE BEGINNING The founder of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, later called Gao Zu, reigned from 202–195 BCE. Under his rule, the population and economy both grew.Lui bang called it the han dynasty in honor of his native land.
Han Wudi his foreign policy was based on appeasing the fierce nomadic Xiongnu (Hsiung-nu) in the north through Heqing (Ho-ch’ing) treaties whereby the Han regularly gave the Xiongnu large quantities of silver, silk, and food in return for peace. Appeasement, however, did not end Xiongnu raids.
Land and Reform large landowners established private armies to protect their holdings. But small landowners were too poor to afford a private army so many of them were raided.
Land and Reform Wang Mang realized that the greatest threat to security was the excessive power of the landowners. To combat this, he claimed all land for the state, and distributed it among the peasants, forbidding its sale or purchase. But the landowners resisted and as many civil servants were themselves landowners, there was no one to put the reforms into effect.