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Heredity vocab

Published on Dec 23, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

HEREDITY VOCAB

BY: LOGAN KRUPOVAGE

TRAIT

A DISTINGUISHING QUALITY OR CHARACTERISTIC

DOMINANT TRAIT

A TRAIT THAT WILL APPEAR IN THE OFFSPRING IF ONE OF THE PARENTS CONTRIBUTES IT.

CHROMOSOME

CARRYS THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF A GENE

HEREDITY

THE PASSING ON OF PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CHARACTERISTICS GENETICALLY FROM ONE GENERATION TO ANOTHER.

GENE

A UNIT OF HEREDITY THAT IS TRANSFERRED FROM A PARENT TO OFFSPRING AND IS HELD TO DETERMINE SOME CHARACTERISTIC OF THE OFFSPRING.

RECESSIVE TRAIT

RECESSIVE TRAITS CAN BE CARRIED IN A PERSON'S GENES WITHOUT APPERARING IN THAT PERSON

ALLELE

ONE OF TWO OR MORE ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF A GENE THAT ARISE BY MUTATION AND ARE FOUND AT THE SAME PLACE ON A CHROMOSOME.

PUNNETT SQUARE

THE PUNNETT SQUARE IS A DIAGRAM THAT IS USED TO PREDICT AN OUTCOME OF A PARTICULAR CROSS OR BREEDING EXPERIMENT.

PHENOTYPE

THE SET OF OBSERVABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INDIVIDUAL RESULTING FROM THE INTERACTION OF ITS GENOTYPE WITH THE ENVIRONMENT.

GENOTYPE

RECESSIVE TRAITS CAN BE CARRIED IN A PERSON'S GENES WITHOUT APPEARING IN THAT PERSON. FOR EXAMPLE, A DARK-HAIRED PERSON MAY HAVE ONE GENE FOR DARK HAIR, WHICH IS A DOMINANT TRAIT, AND ONE GENE FOR LIGHT HAIR, WHICH IS RECESSIVE.

HOMOZYGOUS

HAVING A PAIR OF ALLELES

HETEROZYGOUS

A PAIR OF GENES WHERE ONE IS DOMINANT AND ONE IS RECESSIVE

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DNA

THE FUNDAMENTAL AND DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OR QUALITIES OF SOMEONE OR SOMETHING,

PROKARYOTE

A MICROSCOPIC SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM THAT HAS NEITHER A DISTINCT NUCLEUS WITH A MEMBRANE NOR OTHER SPECIALIZED ORGANELLES. PROKARYOTES INCLUDE THE BACTERIA AND CYANOBACTERIA.

EUKARYOTE

AN ORGANISM CONSISTING OF A CELL OR CELLS IN WHICH THE GENETIC MATERIAL IS DNA IN THE FORM OF CHROMOSOMES CONTAINED WITHIN A DISTINCT NUCLEUS.